基于RS和GIS的土地利用/覆被动态变化监测——以九龙县为例  

Dynamic Monitoring on Land Utilization/Land Coverage in Kowloon County Based on RS and GIS

作　　者：李鹏杰[1,2] 何政伟[1,2] 李璇琼[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]地质灾害防治与地质环境保护国家重点实验室,成都610059 [2]成都理工大学地球科学学院,成都610059 [3]成都理工大学地球物理学院,成都610059

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2012年第2期38-42,287,共5页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金"川西藏区矿产资源开发的地质生态环境承载力研究"(40972225);国家自然科学基金(青年)"地表景观时空演化与土壤元素迁移响应机制研究"(41101174);成都理工大学青年科学基金项目"基于多智能体的湿地景观时空演化模拟与优化"(2010QJ08);成都理工大学高层次人才科研启动基金"基于3S技术的渝北地区景观时空演化及生态效应研究"(HJ0070)

摘　　要：区域土地利用动态监测分析是土地利用研究的重要组成部分,可以为区域土地的合理利用和政府部门的宏观调控提供支持依据。为了掌握土地利用状况及动态变化的信息和趋势,对土地利用动态平衡的调控和生态环境保护提供辅助手段,以九龙县为研究区域,利用1994年、2000年和2007年三期的Landsat卫星TM影像,采用遥感(RS)技术和地理信息系统(GIS)技术,对九龙县13a来土地利用变化进行了动态监测分析,通过各年土地利用分布变化图,土地利用转移矩阵,研究了九龙县各种土地利用类型变化的情况。结果表明:林地净增加了170.96km2,其中169.94km2草地净增为林地,1.9km2旱地净增为林地,说明林地主要是由旱地和退化草地转化而来;冰川净增18.67km2,裸地净减6.14km2,说明天然林保护工程和退耕还林工程对当地的水土保持起到了显著成效。利用马尔柯夫模型预测了九龙县未来几十年来土地利用变化的趋势:林地面积将会以每13年递增2%的速度变化,冰川面积将会以每13年递增1.5%的速度变化,说明未来九龙县的生态环境将会是良性发展,为九龙县生态环境治理提供了科学依据。Analysis of dynamic monitoring of district land utilization is an important part of the land utilization research and provides the basis for rational utilization of land area and the government′s macro-control.In order to grasp information and trend of land use situation and dynamic as well as provide the auxiliary means for the dynamic balance regulation of the land utilization and the protection of ecological environment,Kowloon County was chosed as the research area in this paper.Using three Landsat TM satellite images in the year 1994,2000 and 2007,remote sensing（RS） and geographic information system（GIS） technology,we finished the dynamic monitoring and analysis in land utilization changes of Kowloon County of 13 years.Through variation diagram in the distribution of land utilization,transition matrix land utilization,various condition of Kowloon County land use types can be reflected.The net increase of the woodland area amounts to 170.96 km2,where 169.94 km2 of grassland is the net change into the woodland and 1.9 km2 dryland is the net change into the woodland.The condition concludes the woodland mainly changes from dryland and degraded grassland.The net increase of the glacier area amounts to 18.67 km2,the net decrease of the bare land area amounts to 6.14 km2.The condition concludes Natural Forest Protection Project and Grain for Green Project has played a remarkable role in the local soil-water conservation.We used Markov model to predict Kowloon County land use trends of the next few decades.The woodland area will be 2% increments every 13 years.The glacier area will be 1.5% increments every 13 years.The trends conclude the ecological environment of Kowloon County wil be the healthy development in the future and provide the scientific basis for environment improvement in Kowloon County.

关 键 词：土地利用 动态监测 RS GIS 马尔柯夫模型 

分 类 号：F301.24[经济管理—产业经济] S157[农业科学—土壤学]