单线铁路区间能力失效条件下列车运行调整模型  

Train dispatching models under field capacity breakdowns on single-track railway lines

作　　者：孟令云[1] 杨肇夏[1] 李海鹰[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学交通运输学院,北京100044

出　　处：《系统工程理论与实践》2012年第4期885-894,共10页Systems Engineering-Theory & Practice

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(60736047);中国博士后科学基金(2011M500228);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2011JBM252).

摘　　要：列车运行调整是调度指挥工作中关键任务之一.列车运行调整模型多是基于确定的、强度较弱的扰动提出的,然而现实中某些扰动可能包含不确定的信息,且强度较大,使得既有模型和算法呈现出一定局限性.针对单线铁路区间能力失效条件下列车运行调整问题,考虑能力失效持续时间的不确定因素,探索优化制定列车运行调整方案的模型.提出两阶段带补偿随机期望值模型,进一步讨论了多阶段递归决策概念模型的复杂度,据此给出了不完全连续多阶段决策模型.针对两类模型提出基于分枝定界的求解算法,设计算例进行验证,与基于优先级的运行调整方法进行比较.结果表明,相对于基于优先级的方法,多阶段决策模型能够将总列车晚点时分的期望值降低34%,两阶段模型能够降低4%,两种模型均能够在一定程度上提高列车正点水平.The train dispatching problem is one of the key train operation problems.A wide range of studies have been focused on this problem in recent years and yielded great achievements.However, most of the studies are based on deterministic disturbance information and few attention was paid to stochastic information.In this paper,the single-track train dispatching problem under stochastic capacity breakdowns was addressed.At first,the application of twostage stochastic programming with recourse technique was presented.By extending the two-stage model,a conceptual model of multi-stage recursive train dispatching process was proposed,and also the corresponding complexity was discussed.After that, a semi-continuous multi-stage models was proposed.To address the mathematical models,branch-andbound solution procedures were presented and comprehensive numerical experiments were conducted to illustrate the performance of the model and algorithms with compassion to priority rule-based algorithm which is commonly used in real-world train dispatching practice.Experimental results show that,compared to the priority rule-based method,the semi-continuous multi-stage model and two-stage model can reduce the expected total train delay by 34%and 4%respectively.

关 键 词：铁路 列车运行调整 区间封锁 随机规划 分枝定界 

分 类 号：U292.4[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]