玉米单倍体诱导与加倍方法研究  

Study on maize haploid induction and doubling method

作　　者：季洪强[1] 刘慧[1] 宋桂良[1] 付志远[1] 李卫华[1] 汤继华[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学农学院,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《河南农业大学学报》2012年第1期11-15,共5页Journal of Henan Agricultural University

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)重点项目(2009AA101103)

摘　　要：以玉米孤生殖诱导系TY1和5个生产上大面积利用的玉米杂交种为材料,探究了不同环境条件下玉米单倍体的诱导率和加倍率.结果表明,不同基因型杂交种的单倍体诱导率存在显著的差异,郑单958和浚单18的单倍体诱导率较高,在海南的单倍体诱导率要明显高于甘肃点和郑州点.不同试剂和质量浓度的加倍结果表明,利用0.6 g.L-1的秋水仙素处理萌动的单倍体种子具有较好的加倍效果,而且不同遗传背景的单倍体加倍率同样存在显著的差异,在甘肃具有较高的加倍率.在单倍体育种过程中,应当利用中国良好的生态资源,在海南和甘肃分别建立单倍体诱导和加倍基地,以提高玉米单倍体的育种效率.The haploid induction and doubling rate in maize in different environments was analyzed by using a haploid induce inbred line TY1 and five elite hybrids, which are broadly used in China. The results showed that the haploid induction rate had a significant variation between the five elite hybrid; the hybrid Zhengdan 958 and Xundan 18 had higher haploid induction rate comparing to other hybrids, and haploid induction rate at Hainan location was also higher than at Gansu and Zhengzhou location. The germinated haploid seed was the best for doubling in which 0.6 g ~ L- ~ of colchicine was outstand- ing at this physiological stage for all hybrids. The doubling effect also had significant variation between different genotypes, and there was a high doubling effect for haploid at Gansu location. So in maize haploid breeding program, we should utilize the favorable ecological resources in China, and set up haploid induction and doubling base at Hainan and Gansu Provinces respectively for enhancing haploid breeding efficiency in maize.

关 键 词：玉米 单倍体 诱导率 加倍率 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]