长期施肥对砂壤质石灰性潮土土壤酸碱缓冲体系的影响  

Effects of long-term fertilization on pH buffer system of sandy loam calcareous fluvor-aquic soil

作　　者：汪吉东[1,2] 戚冰洁[1,3] 张永春[1,2] 张爱君[2,4] 宁运旺[1,2] 许仙菊[1,2] 张辉[1,2] 马洪波[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所,南京210014 [2]农业部江苏耕地保育科学观测实验站,南京215155 [3]南京农业大学资源与环境学院,南京210095 [4]江苏徐淮地区徐州农业科学研究所,江苏徐州221121

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2012年第4期1031-1036,共6页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目[cx(10)431];国际合作项目IPNI(Jiangsu-10);现代农业产业体系建设专项(CARS-11-B-15)资助

摘　　要：通过长期施肥定位试验,分析了石灰性潮土连续30年施肥处理下土壤pH、碳酸钙和活性碳酸钙含量以及土壤酸碱缓冲容量的变化.结果表明:连续30年施肥处理导致石灰性潮土0～20cm耕层土壤酸化加速,各施肥处理的耕层土壤pH降低0.41～0.70;各施肥处理的耕层土壤酸碱缓冲容量为15.82～21.96cmol·kg-1,单施氮肥明显降低了土壤酸碱缓冲容量,而增施有机肥可显著提高土壤酸碱缓冲容量.土壤酸碱缓冲容量与土壤碳酸钙和活性碳酸钙含量呈显著正相关,与土壤有机质含量和阳离子交换量的相关性不显著,长期不同施肥处理下石灰性潮土仍处于碳酸钙初级缓冲体系,盐基离子和有机质对土壤酸碱缓冲体系的影响较小.0～40cm土层的土壤碳酸钙和活性碳酸钙含量均高于40～80cm土层.与土壤碳酸钙相比,土壤活性碳酸钙更能敏感反映土壤基本理化性状的变化,碳酸钙缓冲体系还可以进一步细分为土壤活性碳酸钙缓冲体系.Soil samples（0-80 cm） were collected from a 30-year fertilization experimental site in Xuzhou,Jiangsu Province of East China to study the variations of the pH,calcium carbonate and active calcium carbonate contents,and pH buffer capacity of sandy loam calcareous fluvor-aquic soil under different fertilization treatments.Thirty-year continuous application of different fertilizers accelerated the acidification of topsoil（0-20 cm）,with the soil pH decreased by 0.41-0.70.Under different fertilization,the soil pH buffer capacity（pHBC） varied from 15.82 to 21.96 cmol·kg-1.As compared with no fertilization,single N fertilization decreased the pHBC significantly,but N fertilization combined with organic fertilization could significantly increase the pHBC.The soil pHBC had significant positive correlations with soil calcium carbonate and active calcium carbonate contents,but less correlation with soil organic matter content and soil cation exchange capacity,suggesting that after a long-term fertilization,the sandy loam calcareous fluvor-aquic soil was still of an elementary calcium carbonate buffer system,and soil organic matter and cation exchange capacity contributed little to the buffer system.The soil calcium carbonate and active calcium carbonate contents were greater in 0-40 cm than in 40-80 cm soil layer.Comparing with soil calcium carbonate,soil active calcium carbonate was more sensitive to reflect the changes of soil physical and chemical properties,suggesting that the calcium carbonate buffer system could be further classified as soil active calcium carbonate buffer system.

关 键 词：潮土 长期施肥 土壤酸碱缓冲容量 砂壤 

分 类 号：S158.1[农业科学—土壤学]