土荆芥挥发油对蚕豆根尖细胞的氧化损伤  

Oxidative damage of volatile oil from Chenopodium ambrosioides on Vicia faba root tip cells

作　　者：胡琬君[1] 马丹炜[1] 王亚男[1] 张红[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川师范大学生命科学学院,成都610066

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2012年第4期1077-1082,共6页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：四川省应用基础研究项目(2009JY0065);四川师范大学校级项目(08KYL05;10MSL01)资助

摘　　要：土荆芥是一种入侵植物,对周围植物具有较强的化感潜力.采用培养皿土培法和培养皿滤纸法,分别模拟土荆芥挥发油通过淋溶和挥发两条途径对蚕豆根尖细胞膜脂过氧化和抗氧化酶活性的影响,并分析了挥发油诱导的细胞凋亡.结果表明:在培养皿土培和培养皿滤纸处理中,在处理前期(24h),蚕豆根尖细胞超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶和过氧化氢酶的活性均随土荆芥挥发油剂量的增大呈先升高后降低的趋势;根尖丙二醛含量随处理时间的延长和处理剂量的增大呈上升趋势.在处理中期(48h)和处理后期(72h),出现了典型的DNALadder条带,表明土荆芥挥发油可诱导蚕豆根尖细胞凋亡,并且随着挥发油剂量的增大和处理时间的延长,细胞凋亡程度加剧.土荆芥挥发油可以通过淋溶和挥发两种途径作用于周围植物,使受体植物的膜脂过氧化程度加剧,抗氧化酶活性受到抑制,诱导根尖细胞发生氧化损伤和细胞凋亡,从而抑制周围植物生长.而且,当挥发油以淋溶途径进入土壤时,蚕豆根尖抗氧化酶活性整体较高,DNA损伤程度较小,土荆芥挥发油通过挥发途径的化感作用大于通过淋溶途径.Chenopodium ambrosioides is an invasive species,which has strong allelopathic effect on surrounding plants.In this study,the methods of soil culture and filter paper culture were adopted to simulate the eluviation and volatilization of the volatile oil from C.ambrosioides,respectively,and to investigate the allelopathy of the volatile oil on the lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme activities of Vicia faba root tip cells,with the mechanisms of the induced tip cell apoptosis analyzed.At the early stage（24 h） of soil culture and filter paper culture,the superoxide dismutase,peroxidase and catalase activities of the tip cells decreased after an initial increase with the increasing dose of the volatile oil,and the malondialdehyde content of the tip cells increased with the increasing volatile oil dose and treated time.At the midterm（48 h） and later（72 h） stages of soil culture and filter paper culture,a typical DNA ladder strip appeared,suggesting that the volatile oil from C.ambrosioides could induce the apoptosis of the tip cells,and the apoptosis was dose-and time dependent.This study showed that the volatile oil from C.ambrosioides could act on its surrounding plants via eluviation and volatilization,making the lipid peroxidation of acceptor plants aggravated and the antioxidant enzyme activities of the plants inhibited,resulting in the oxidative damage and apoptosis of the plant root tip cells,and accordingly,the inhibition of the plant growth.Under soil culture,the root tip cells of V.faba had higher antioxidant enzyme activities and lesser DNA damage,suggesting that the volatile oil from C.ambrosioides via volatilization had stronger allelopathy on the growth of surrounding plants than via eluviation.

关 键 词：土荆芥 挥发油 蚕豆 氧化损伤 细胞凋亡 

分 类 号：S451[农业科学—植物保护]