添加剂及晾晒对多变小冠花青贮影响的研究  

Effects of Additives and Wilt on Crownvetch Silage

作　　者：李清宏[1] 高文俊[1] 王永新[1] 许庆方[1] 玉柱[2] 白春生[3] 张峰 

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学动物科技学院,山西太谷030801 [2]中国农业大学动物科学院,北京100193 [3]沈阳农业大学园艺学院,辽宁沈阳110866 [4]山西省介休种羊场,山西介休031202

出　　处：《草地学报》2012年第2期363-367,共5页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：山西省科技攻关计划项目"商品獭兔标准化生产生物模型与饲养标准的研究"(200703105121)和"青贮饲料布氏乳杆菌制剂的研制与开发"(20100311052);"十二五"国家科技支撑计划"优质牧草资源开发与多元化草产品加工利用关键技术研究与示范"(2011BAD17B02);国家牧草产业技术体系(CARS-35)资助

摘　　要：为获得品质优良的多变小冠花(Coronilla varia L.)青贮饲料,在鲜贮和晾晒条件下分别设置对照(不使用任何添加剂)、添加甲酸(6mL.kg-1)、添加蔗糖(2%)3种处理,袋装青贮发酵360d,探究含水量及添加剂(甲酸、蔗糖)对多变小冠花青贮饲料品质的影响。结果表明:与鲜贮相比,晾晒处理下多变小冠花青贮饲料pH值极显著增加(P<0.01),乳酸和氨态氮含量极显著下降(P<0.01)。添加甲酸和蔗糖的多变小冠花青贮饲料发酵品质得到改善,pH和氨态氮含量极显著下降(P<0.01),乳酸含量极显著增加(P<0.01)。晾晒或添加剂处理对多变小冠花青贮饲料的粗蛋白(crude protein,CP)、中性洗涤纤维(neutral detergent fiber,NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(acid deter-gent fiber,ADF)、粗灰分(Ash)、粗脂肪(ethanol extract,EE)的含量和干物质保存率无显著影响。通过青贮,硝酸盐和3-硝基丙酸含量降低,亚硝酸盐含量升高,但亚硝酸盐含量较少。Effects of moisture content and additives of formic acid or sucrose on crownvetch silage were studied in order to make acceptable silage.Fresh or wilted crownvetch during early flowering stage were ensilaged for 360 d.Each group was treated with sucrose(2%),or formic acid(6 mL·kg-1) before ensiling,respectively.Results showed that the pH of wilted crownvetch silage were significantly higher than that of fresh one(P<0.01).Both lactic acid and ammonia nitrogen content of wilted crownvetch silage were significantly decreased(P<0.01).The silage fermentation quality was improved with additions of formic acid or sucrose which reduced pH and ammonia contents and increased lactic acid contents of silage significantly(P<0.01).Crude protein(CP) contents,neutral detergent fiber(NDF),acid detergent fiber(ADF),ash,ethanol extracts(EE) and dry matter recovery of crownvetch silage did not have significant difference among different treatments.Nitrate and 3-nitropropionic acid contents were reduced with ensilaging.Although nitrite content was increased by ensilaging,the total nitrite content was a little.

关 键 词：多变小冠花 青贮 晾晒 添加剂 

分 类 号：S541.9[农业科学—作物学] S816.5