SnO_2纳米颗粒的水热法和溶胶-凝胶法制备及其气敏特性  

Preparation and characterization of SnO_2 nanopowders for gas sensor application by hydrothermal and sol-gel methods

作　　者：韩根亮[1] 宋玉哲[1] 刘国汉[1] 席彩红[1] 王运福[1] 高晓平[1] 刘东妮[1] 李有祥[2] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃省科学院传感技术研究所,甘肃兰州730000 [2]甘肃省分析测试中心,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《材料热处理学报》2012年第4期6-11,共6页Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment

基　　金：甘肃省技术研究与开发专项计划(0709TCYA046);甘肃省自然基金项目(1010RJZA165)

摘　　要：通过不同条件的水热法和溶胶-凝胶技术分别制备了单分散SnO2纳米粉体。利用X射线衍射、透射电子显微镜和比表面积分析仪对产物进行了检测,采用静态配气法测试了样品的气敏性能。结果表明,水热时间越长,颗粒尺寸越大,以反应时间为6 h制备的粉体比表面积最大;溶胶-凝胶产物中,以SnCl2的乙醇溶液为原料制得的颗粒克服了热处理过程中产物易团聚的问题,颗粒尺寸均匀,具有良好的分散性和较高的比表面积。两种方法制备的粉体均对酒精具有良好的灵敏度,SnCl2的乙醇溶液为原料、溶胶-凝胶技术获得的材料对酒精的灵敏度更高,并认为热处理过程中Cl-的去除是导致材料气敏性能不同的主要因素。SnO2 nanopowders were synthesized by sol-gel and hydrothermal techniques with different Sn-sources.Crystal structure and size distribution of the products were studied by X-ray diffraction（XRD）,transmission electron microscopy（TEM） and Brunauer-Emmett-teller（BET） method.Gas sensitive properties were tested by means of static state.The results show that the powders prepared by hydrothermal method with 6 h reaction time display a narrow size range and a higher specific surface area.Spherical-like SnO2 nano-particles with an average diameter of 5 nm,which are obtained by sol-gel method with SnCl2 as Sn-sourse,present better dispersion in comparison with other products.The SnO2 nanopowders prepared in this paper show an improved alcohol response and the powders by sol-gel method exhibit better sensing performance.The existence of Cl-is regarded as the main reasons to account for the differences of the sensitivity.

关 键 词：二氧化锡 溶胶-凝胶法 水热法 气敏特性 

分 类 号：O614[理学—无机化学]