利科对时间问题的“叙述阐释”  

Paul Ricoeur’s Narrative Explanation Concerning the Issue of Time

作　　者：伏飞雄[1] 

机构地区：[1]宜宾学院文学与新闻传播学院

出　　处：《文艺理论研究》2012年第2期116-122,共7页Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

基　　金：笔者所参与的国家社科基金西部项目"一般叙述的符号学研究"[项目编号:11XWW001]系列论文之一

摘　　要：利科不把语言符号仅仅看成语言学的语法系统,而是把它们还原到"言事传意"之话语交流层面,还原到表征人之存在的层面。它们既具"中介"功能,又传达真理。利科这种以广义叙述符号学为基础发展起来的现象阐释学,有力弥补了结构主义叙述学等形式论的缺陷,较为有效阐释了"叙述实践"这个基本的人类文化现象。"叙述实践"是一种以"情节化"为核心的"模仿行动",它的可能条件是人的行为的时间结构。时间的本性是疑难性。广义现象学等思辨哲学对时间所进行的反思性论证,无法从理论上为其提供统一的说明,叙述话语也不能彻底解决时间的疑难,但却"调解"了这种疑难。时间疑难促使利科从叙述的角度对时间本身给予阐释。Paul Ricoeur not only sees the signs of language as linguistic grammatical system but also reduces them into the discourse communication of ＂speech act＂ and into the signification of human existence. They function both as a mediator and as a truthdeliverer. Ricoeur＇ s phenomenologieal heimeneutics is based on general narrative semiotics, implements the inadequacy of formalistic theories such as structuralism, and effectively enunciates ＂narrative practice. ＂ ＂Narrative practice,＂ as the basic human cultural phenomenon, is a kind of ＂mimetic activity＂ centered round ＂emplotment,＂ the probable condition of which is the time structure of human action. As the nature of time is aporetic, speculative philosophy such as general phenomenology cannot provide theoretically unified demonstration through its reflection on time, and the narrative discourse cannot resolve the aporetie of time but only mediate it. Therefore, the aporetie of time compels Ricoeur to interpret time from the narrative itself.

关 键 词：现象阐释学 叙述实践 模仿行动 情节化 时间 

分 类 号：H0[语言文字—语言学]