不同R：FR值对菊花叶片气孔特征和气孔导度的影响  

The effect of red:far red ratio on the stomata characters and stomata conductance of Chrysanthemum leaves

作　　者：杨再强[1,2] 张静[1] 江晓东[1] 张继波[1] 朱静[1] 顾礼力[1] 张波[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学,气象灾害省部共建教育部重点实验室,南京210044 [2]南京信息工程大学应用气象学院,南京210044

出　　处：《生态学报》2012年第7期2135-2141,共7页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(41075087);公益(气象)行业科研专项(GYHY200906023),公益(气象)行业科研专项(GYHY201006028);江苏省科技支撑计划(社会发展)项目(BE2010734)

摘　　要：以切花菊品种"神马(Jinba)"为试材,2010年10月至2011年2月间在南京信息工程大学试验温室采用不同Red(660±10)nm:Far-red(730±10)nm值的LED光源短日处理,研究了温室切花菊叶片气孔特征和气孔导度对不同R∶FR值的响应。结果表明:不同R∶FR值短日处理35d菊花叶片的上表皮和下表皮的气孔直径分别以R∶FR值4.5和6.5处理最大,均以R∶FR值2.5处理最小,气孔密度和气孔开度均以R∶FR=2.5处理最高,以R∶FR值6.5处理最低,下表皮的气孔密度、气孔开度明显高于上表皮;不同R∶FR值处理叶片的气孔开张比和气孔指数差异不显著;在相同光强下,菊花叶片气孔导度和光合速率由大到小的R∶FR值顺序依次为2.5、4.5、0.5、6.5。叶片气孔导度与气孔指数、气孔密度、气孔开张比和气孔开度成正相关,与气孔长度和气孔宽度呈负相关;R∶FR值在2.5—6.5范围内,随光质中红光成分增加,叶片气孔密度、气孔指数、气孔开度、气孔开张比和气孔导度显著降低。Chrysanthemum is among the four most important cut flowers in the world and is also China′s main export flower.To study the dynamic effects of different red（660±10） nm to far-red（730±10） nm radiation ratios on stomatal characteristics of greenhouse Chrysanthemum leaves,an experiment was carried out in the experimental greenhouse of Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology from October 2010 to February 2011.The greenhouse was 9.6 m wide and 30.0 m long,with top height and shoulder height being 5.0 m and 4.5 m,respectively.The experimental material was Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.cv.＇Jingba＇.Seedlings were transplanted on 6 October when they were about 20 cm in height and the number of leaves was 6—10.In the short-day trial stage,plants were irradiated for a total time of 10 hours（08：00-17：00） per day with one of four ratios of red light to far-red light（R ∶ FR）.Those ratios were achieved using LED light sources and were 0.5,2.5,4.5,and 6.5,with a total light intensity of 1000 μmol · m-2 · s-1.A mixture of vermiculite and perlite with a volume ratio of 2 ∶ 1 was used as the culture substrate and the planting arrangement was 20 cm × 20 cm.All plants were irrigated with nutrient solution that had a conductivity of 1.5 ms/cm（200 μg/g N;80 μg/g P;170 μg/g K）.During the vegetative growth phase,fluorescent lamps（PAR=200 μmol · m-2 · s-1） were used to supplement light for five hours（18：00—23：00） per day to extend the illumination time.The colorless nail polish imprint method was used to observe leaf epidermis stomatal characters under an optical microscope（Olympus CX-31）,and a portable photosynthesis system（Li-6400） was used to measure leaf photosynthesis rate and stomatal conductance.The responses of the stomatal characters,stomatal conductance,and net photosynthesis rate of cut Chrysanthemum leaves subjected to different R ∶ FR ratios were studied.After 35 days of the short-day treatment,the maximum stomatal diameter of the upper

关 键 词：切花菊 R∶FR 气孔特性 气孔导度 

分 类 号：S682.11[农业科学—观赏园艺]