无人机影像的快速拼接及其误差  

UAV’s image quick mosaic and its errors

作　　者：刘庆元[1,2] 刘有[1,2] 邹磊[1,2] 易柳城[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学有色金属成矿预测教育部重点实验室,长沙410083 [2]中南大学地球科学与信息物理学院,长沙410083

出　　处：《中国有色金属学报》2012年第3期889-894,共6页The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(40874005);湖南省自然科学基金资助项目(08jj6026)

摘　　要：利用经过差分的DGPS数据和IMU(Inertial measurement unit)获取的外方位元素,经过影像匹配产生的同名点,获得同名点地理坐标,使各个模型在此基础上连接起来。经过影像重采样用地理坐标代替像素坐标,使拼接后的影像具有拍摄时的地理坐标。实验结果表明:平坦地区投影差较小,可以不进行投影误差改正,直接利用左右影像同名像点进行影像拼接;丘陵山区因为投影误差的影响,影像拼接的误差累积较快,此时应采用分带拼接,避免误差积累。拼接后的影像坐标与拼接精度达到了1-2.5万比例尺影像图的精度。The geographic coordinates of each correspondence point on UAV＇s （Unmanned aerial vehicles） image pairs are determined by the photogrammetric models of stereo image pairs and data of the DGPS/IMU （Differential GPS/Inertial measurement unit） after the correspondence points are correctly matched. The mosaic image is re-sampled and demonstrated with geographic coordinates instead ofpixel coordinates. The experiments results show that the process of mosaic image can be directly adopted without projection correction with the situation of flat area. In wavy terrain, a set of UAV＇s image is separated into several patches to mosaic UAV＇s images because the projection error is big and results in error propagation impacts on estimation of geographic coordinate of a mosaic image. The accuracy and precision of geo-location of a mosaic image can be achieved as same as the image with scale of 1：25 000.

关 键 词：UAV影像拼接 坐标转换 影像拼接误差 

分 类 号：P623.2[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]