有机杀菌剂在木竹材保护中的应用及发展展望  

Application and prospect of organic biocides in timber preservation

作　　者：孙芳利[1] 鲍滨福[1] 陈安良[2] 周月英[1] 于红卫[1] 杜春贵[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江农林大学工程学院,浙江临安311300 [2]浙江农林大学林业与生物技术学院,浙江临安311300

出　　处：《浙江农林大学学报》2012年第2期272-278,共7页Journal of Zhejiang A&F University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30972304);浙江省科学技术计划项目(2009C32065)

摘　　要：由于砷、铬等含金属和非金属的木竹材保护剂对土壤和水生环境存在潜在危害,以及经处理的木竹材的废弃处理等问题引起越来越多的关注,人们把注意力转移到有机杀菌剂。现已筛选出能够抵抗或消灭木竹材腐朽菌、霉菌、变色菌等有害真菌的有效杀菌剂,并在国外已有大量商品化的产品。随着人们环保意识的增强,以有机杀菌剂为主剂的木竹材保护剂最终将在中国木竹材保护领域占据重要地位。从木竹材保护常用有机杀菌剂种类、作用效果、作用机制、检测方法及有机杀菌剂对环境影响等方面对有机杀菌剂在木竹材保护中的应用进行了阐述,进而提出有机杀菌剂将成为未来木竹材保护剂研究和发展的重要领域之一。Organic biocides as timber preservatives have aroused more and more attentions,because metal salts especially arsenic,chrome and so on,have been suspected to be poisonous to the soil and aquatic animals,as well as the disposal of preserved timber wastes.Therefore,a number of effective organic biocides have been selected to prevent wood or bamboo from decay,mildew,stain and so on.Most of these products have entered into the market.With people＇s increasing awareness of the environmental protection,organic biocides will eventually play important roles in timber preservation in the future.This paper summarized the studies on application of organic biocides as wood or bamboo preservatives,including resistant mechanisms,commonly applied types and effects against wood or bamboo fungi,approaches to detecting the amount of organic biocides in timber and their influences on the environment.Based on the discussion above,the authors predicted the developing prospect of organic biocides in timber preservation.

关 键 词：林业工程 有机杀菌剂 木竹材保护 应用 综述 

分 类 号：S782.3[农业科学—木材科学与技术]