下呼吸道感染抗生素临床应用探讨(附654株革兰氏阴性杆菌耐药性分析)  

Discussion of antibiotic application of lower respiratory tract infection (Analysis of resistance of 654 strains gram negative bacterium)

作　　者：葛庚芝[1] 单志英[1] 毕玲[1] 司进[1] 吴鸿范[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津医科大学第二医院呼吸内科

出　　处：《天津医科大学学报》2000年第1期60-62,共3页Journal of Tianjin Medical University

摘　　要：目的 :了解下呼吸道感染革兰氏阴性杆菌的分布及临床常用抗生素的耐药情况。方法 :使用美国全自动微生物分析仪 VITEK- IMS60对所分离菌株进行鉴定和药敏试验。结果 :引起下呼吸道感染的革兰氏阴性病原菌以肠杆菌属细菌占主导地位 ,此外 ,假单胞菌属、克雷伯菌属、不动杆菌属亦占相当比例。 1 996～ 1 998年度分离的菌株对哌拉西林、头孢唑啉、头孢呋新、头孢氨噻肟、头孢三嗪、头孢噻甲羧肟的耐药率显著高于 1 992～ 1 994年度分离株 ,(经 χ2检验 P<0 .0 5或 P<0 .0 1 )。氨苄西林、头孢唑啉耐药率极高 ,环丙沙星、丁氨卡那霉素具有较强抗菌活性。结论 :抗生素(尤其是头孢菌素类 )耐药率逐年上升 。Objective:To know the distribution of gram negative bacterium isolated from lower respiratory tract infection and resistance of main pathogen.Methods: Bacteria identification and susceptibility test were performed with VITEKIMS60. Results: Gram negative bacterium caused lower respiratory tract infection mainly are Escherichia,pseudomonas,klebsiella,Acinetobacter,etc.The resistance to piperacillin,cefazolin,cefuroxime,cefotaxime,ceftriaxone,ceftazidime is obviously increasing in 1996 to 1998 than that in 1992 to 1994(χ2 examination showed that P<0.05 or P<0.01).Resistance rate to cefazolin is very high.Ciprofloxacin Amikacin have stronger active to pathogens.Conclusion:Resistance rate(especially to cephalosporins) is gradually increased.It suggest that antibiotics should be used cautiously in clinic.

关 键 词：下呼吸道感染 革兰氏阴性杆菌 耐药性 抗生素 

分 类 号：R563.105[医药卫生—呼吸系统] R978.1[医药卫生—内科学]