应用^(40)B研究硼素在油菜叶片中的分布特征  

EFFECTS OF ^(10)B APPLICATION ON THE DISTRIBUTION CHARACTERISTICS OF BORON IN RAPE LEAVES

作　　者：刘昌智[1] 金河成[1] 袁光咏 陈仲西 邓洪民 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院油料作物研究所 [2]中国农业科学院原子能应用研究所

出　　处：《中国农业科学》1990年第2期67-72,共6页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

摘　　要：应用^(10)B固体径迹蚀刻技术,测定油菜叶片硼的分布表明,硼在叶片中移动很慢,喂饲^(10)B20天后的叶片与邻位叶的硼含量比:土培试验(缺硼土壤)为1.7-9.3,水培试验(供硼充足)为1.8-2.2;同一株油菜的叶片含硼量从基部向近顶部依次递减,土培试验为0.62-0.96ppm,水培试验为1.72-2.01ppm;同一张叶片的硼的分布是不均匀的,叶正面比叶反面硼含量高0.8ppm(?期)和1.8ppm(花期)(t=5.22和7.10),叶边缘比叶中部的硼含量高1.4-1.9ppm(t=20.00和16.24),叶尖端比叶中部的硼含量高1.8和1.9ppm(t=7.57和8.25)。这些特征与叶片缺硼症状相符合,它为油菜合理施硼提供了科学依据。In this paper, an α-solid track technique to study the distribution of B in rape leaves is discussed. The rape leaves were picked from pot culture (the soil was B deficient) and water culture (B was supplied sufficiently). The leaves were fed with ^(10)B(0.1% H_3^(13)BO_3 solution) at the stages of seedling, stem elongation or flowering. After 20 days, the leaves were used to determine B contents and showed that: (1) B moved very slowly within the leaves.B accumulated mainly in the leaf fed ^(10)B. The ratios of B between leaf fed ^(10)B and its neighboring leaves were 1.7-9.3(2) B contents in leaves diminished from bottom to near top. The differences were significant, ranging form0.62-0.96ppm in the soil pot test and 1.72-2.01ppm in water culture. (3) B contents in the leaves on the right side were higher than those on the back side. The differences were 0.8ppm (t=5.22) at the stage of seedling and 1.8ppm (t=7.10) in flowering. (4) B contents in the leaf edge and the leaf apex were higher than those in the centre. The differences were 1.4-1.9ppm (t=16.24) in soil pot test and 1.8-1.9 ppm (t=7.57) in water culture.Violet colour occurred at the apex and the edge of leaves when B was deficient in rape, then spread to the whole leaves turning red. These conform to the characteristics of B moving slowly, B content dimishing and irregular B distribution in the leaves Therefore, in order to prevent B deficiency symptoms, B fertilizer must be applied as base fertilizer when B in soil is seriously deficient, or sprayed early and uniformly when B in soil is slightly deficient.

关 键 词：油菜 叶 10B 硼素 分布 

分 类 号：S565.401[农业科学—作物学]