陆相盆地含煤、油页岩和蒸发盐地层单元沉积演化  

Deposition and Sedimentary Evolution of Coal, Oil Shale and Evaporite-Bearing Strata in Terrestrial Basins

作　　者：许圣传[1,2] 刘招君[1] 董清水[1] 陈会军[3] 柳蓉[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学地球科学学院,长春130061 [2]石家庄经济学院资源学院,石家庄050031 [3]中国地质调查局沈阳地质调查中心,沈阳110032

出　　处：《吉林大学学报（地球科学版）》2012年第2期296-303,共8页Journal of Jilin University：Earth Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40972076);国土资源部'十一.五'重大科技创新项目(20080106);吉林大学创新团队建设项目(201004001)

摘　　要：陆相盆地地层单元在沉积过程中往往呈现一定的规律性,主要显示为地层单元的沉积相(岩相)组合、沉积建造、地层叠加样式和古生物群的渐进演化,对应着煤、油页岩和蒸发盐等经济矿产的潜在沉积。利用含煤、油页岩和蒸发盐特征性地层单元区分辽宁抚顺盆地、河南桐柏盆地和美国绿河盆地充填演化过程中不同地层单元的差异和潜在经济矿产的沉积,并且这些地层单元的沉积演化受气候和构造的联合控制。气候和构造控制了进入盆地中沉积物与水体供给速率以及盆地潜在可容纳空间的变化,造成盆地充填在过补偿、平衡补偿和欠补偿状态之间演化,引起地层单元岩性组合、沉积建造和古生物群的改变,能够合理解释煤、油页岩和蒸发盐的沉积。此外,不同类型盆地中气候和构造条件的差异也可能引起煤、油页岩或者蒸发盐的缺失。The stratigraphic units in terrestrial basins commonly reveal some recurrent rules during sedimentary evolution,which characterize progressive evolution of sedimentary facies（lithofacies） associations,architecture,packing types,and paleontological assembles,corresponding to the potential deposit of economic coal,oil shale,and evaporite.We practically distinguished the varieties of stratigraphic units and bearing economic resource deposit during filling process from the Fushun basin,Liaoning Province,the Tongbai basin,Henan Province,and the Greater Green River basin,US via the illustrative names of coal,oil shale and evaporite-bearing stratigraphic units.Moreover,of which sedimentary evolution is controlled by integrated tectonic and climate.Tectonic and climate control the potential accumulation of terrestrial basins and eventual sediment plus water inflow into terrestrial basins,changing the basin filling status among over-compensation,balance-compensation,and under-compensation,eventually causing the alteration of lithological associations,sedimentary architecture and paleontological assembles of different stratigraphic units,which can reasonably interpret potential deposit of coal,oil shale and evaporite.Furthermore,different tectonic and climate factors in various basins may result in the absent of coal,oil shale or evaporite.

关 键 词：陆相盆地 煤 油页岩 蒸发盐 地层单元 沉积 

分 类 号：P618.1[天文地球—矿床学] TE121[天文地球—地质学]