刍议强制责任保险直接请求权的适用条件——以《保险法》第65条第2款为视角  

Discussion on the Applicable Condition of Direct Claim of Compulsory Liability Insurance——From the Perspective of Second Provision of 65th Item of Insurance Law

作　　者：谢绍芬[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学法学院,江苏南京210093

出　　处：《现代财经（天津财经大学学报）》2012年第4期113-120,共8页Modern Finance and Economics：Journal of Tianjin University of Finance and Economics

摘　　要：中国《保险法》于2009年增订责任保险受损害的第三人(下称第三受害人)在被保险人对其应负的赔偿责任确定后,若被保险人怠于请求,第三受害人可以直接向保险人请求给付保险金。但是,"强制责任保险"属于法定保险,肩负着社会公益性、衡平社会正义、保证第三受害人的权益得到基本补偿等使命。据此,对该法定保险直接请求权的适用条件应如何构思?为此,应先分析强制责任保险设立的目的;再析述支撑强制责任保险直接请求权的法理;应检视第三受害人依据现行责任保险直接请求权的条件行使权利时,可能遭遇的难题等。经过论证后的结论是:强制责任保险第三受害人的直接请求权,应与被保险人同时存在,且不须附加条件。Insurance Law of Mainland of China（next said Mainland）has been amended in 2009,the direct claim right of the third party（next said the third victim）of liability insurance claim can be added to the insurance company directly.But it should be applied to the conditions that the insured＇s liability has been determined already,and the claim must be requested negligently by the insured.However,＂the Direct Claim of Compulsory Liability Insurance＂ belongs to a legal insurance,which plays an important role in guaranteeing social public welfare,balancing social justice,and protecting the interests of the third victim.Under such circumstances,how to define the legal insurance＇s applicable conditions is a question.In view of this,we should first make an analysis on the goals of establishing the compulsory liability insurance system,and then describe the relative legal theories regarding to constructing the direct claim for the victim about compulsory liability insurance,and finally examine the difficulties when the third victim enforce the rights according to the present liability insurance regulations.Therefore,it concludes that direct claim right of third victim of compulsory liability insurance should be coexistent with the insured,and with no additional conditions.

关 键 词：强制责任保险 第三受害人直接请求权 法定保险 

分 类 号：F840.686[经济管理—保险]