不同种源紫穗槐种子性状差异的研究  

Variation in Seed Characters of Amorpha fruticosa Among Different Provenance

作　　者：冒燕[1] 孙名玥[1] 冯凯[1] 李淑娴[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学森林资源与环境学院,江苏南京210037

出　　处：《西南林学院学报》2012年第2期26-31,共6页Journal of Southwest Forestry College

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31070543)资助;江苏省高校自然科学基金重点项目(10KJA180018)资助

摘　　要：对紫穗槐自然分布区内6个省共9个种源的种子性状变异进行系统研究,分别测定种子形态指标,包括种子纵径、横径、纵横径比;种子质量指标,即去除果皮前后种子的千粒质量和发芽率。结果表明:不同种源种子各项测定指标均呈极显著差异;各测定性状与地理因子间存在一定的相关性,但相关不显著;一些测定性状与气候因子间存在显著相关,如年降雨量与去除果皮前后种子的发芽率、无霜期与种子纵径均呈显著正相关,海拔高度与种子横径呈显著负相关。发芽试验显示,有8个种源的种子,去除果皮后,其发芽速度、发芽率明显高于同一种源含果皮的种子,发芽结束后硬粒含量也明显减少,说明果皮对种子的萌发有一定影响;不同种源的种子,含果皮时的发芽速度相差较大,西部地区种子的萌发速度较快,而东部地区种子的萌发速度则要稍微慢些。A systematic study was conducted to explore the variation in biological characteristics of Amorpha fruticosa seeds among 9 provenances collected from 6 provinces in its natural distribution area. Two major sets of in- dexes had been tested. The first set was morphological indexes including the seed longitudinal diameter, transverse diameter, and the ratio of longitudinal and transverse diameters. The second set of indexes reflected seed quality, including 1 000-seed weight and germination rate with or without testa. The results showed that there were signifi- cant differences in each index tested among the different provenances. The study indicated that there were certain correlations among the characteristics and the geographical factors, but the correlations were not significant. Some characteristics were significantly correlated with climatic factors, e.g. , the germination rate before and after peeling was significantly and positively correlated with the annual rainfall amount; the seed longitudinal diameter was signif- icantly and positively correlated with the duration of frost-free period. Whereas the seed transverse diameter was significantly and negatively correlated with the altitude where the seeds were harvested. The germination test showed that the germination speed and germination rate of seeds from 8 provenances were distinctively higher after peeling, and there were less hard kernel left at the end of germination test, which indicated that the testa of A. fru- ticosa seeds had certain constraining influence on its seed germination. There was great difference in the germina- tion speed among the different provenances when the seeds were not peeled, the seeds of provenances collected fromwest China germinated faster than the seeds of provenances gathered from east part of China.

关 键 词：紫穗槐 种源 纵径 横径 发芽率 千粒质量 

分 类 号：S722.5[农业科学—林木遗传育种]