云南中低海拔甘蔗细茎野生种遗传力和配合力分析  

Analysis of combining ability and heritability of Saccharum spontaneum L.collected from low and middle altitude areas of Yunnan Province

作　　者：朱建荣[1,2] 桃联安[1,2] 董立华[1,2] 周清明[1,2] 杨李和[1,2] 安汝东[1,2] 经艳芬[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院甘蔗研究所瑞丽站,云南瑞丽678600 [2]云南甘蔗遗传育种重点实验室,云南开远661600

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2012年第3期272-276,共5页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金资助项目(nycytx-024-01-03;nycytx-024-02-07);云南省重点新产品开发计划项目(2010BB011)

摘　　要：【目的】筛选遗传力和配合力表现优良的云南甘蔗细茎野生种及后代,为丰富甘蔗育种材料的遗传多样性奠定种质基础。【方法】依据甘蔗细茎野生种原生地的海拔差异结合SSR分子标记筛选7个云南不同生态型的甘蔗细茎野生种无性系,与以云南当地栽培品种德蔗93-94(母本)进行测交,用R软件对其后代糖产量、蔗茎产量、有效茎数、锤度、茎径、株高6个数量性状进行方差、遗传力和配合力分析。【结果】各组合后代糖产量、蔗茎产量、茎径、株高、有效茎数5个性状表现差异极显著,锤度表现差异显著;各组合后代株高、茎径、糖产量、蔗茎产量的遗传力表现较好,均超67.0%;德蔗93-94×云割82-114和德蔗93-94×云南1号后代株高、有效茎、糖产量和蔗茎产量配合力均表现明显的正效应,德蔗93-94×瑞割07-3和德蔗93-94×瑞割06-7-3后代茎径、糖产量和蔗茎产量配合力有比较明显的正效应,组合德蔗93-94×云割83-184和德蔗93-94×云割83-174后代在有效茎配合力效应表现较好的正效应。【结论】筛选出糖产量、蔗茎产量遗传力和配合力表现突出的云割82-114、瑞割07-30、瑞割06-7-3和云南1号;有效茎数遗传力和配合力优良的云南1号、云割83-184和云割83-174。[Objective]The present experiment was conducted to select Saccharum spontaneum L.clones with high combining ability and heritability and expand the sugarcane genetic diversity in breeding.[Method]Seven Saccharum spontaneum L.clones,collected from different altitudes of Yunnan Province were selected by using SSR molecular marker and backcrossed with sugarcane variety Dezhe 93-94.The broad-sense heritability and combining ability of six main economic traits,including plant height,stalk diameter,brix,millable stalk number,sugar yield and cane yield were calculated by R software.[Result]The results of variance showed that stalk diameter,sugar yield,cane yield,millable stalk number and plant height were highly significant,while the brix was significant.The broad-sense heritability of all combinations was excellent and found over 67.0%.The special combining ability of two combinations viz.,Dezhe 93-94×Yunge 82-114 and Dezhe 93-94×Yunnan 1 showed positive effects on plant height,millable stalk number,sugar yield and cane yield.The special combining ability of Dezhe 93-94×Ruige 07-3,Dezhe 93-94×Ruige 06-7-3 showed positive effects on stalk diameter,sugar yield and cane yield.The special combining ability of Dezhe 93-94×Yunge 83-184 and Dezhe 93-94×Yunge 83-174 showed positive effects on millable stalk number.[Conclusion]The Saccharum spontaneum L.clones such as Yunge 82-114,Ruige 07-30,Ruige 06-7-3 and Yunnan 1,which were selected from low and middle altitude areas of Yunnan showed tremendous heritability and combining ability of cane and sugar yield,while Yunnan 1,Yunge 83-174 and Yunge 83-184 showed great heritability and combining ability of millable stalk number,therefore,may be used for developing innovative parents as required in breeding.

关 键 词：甘蔗细茎野生种 遗传力 配合力 分子标记 中低海拔地区 云南 

分 类 号：S566.1[农业科学—作物学]