乳熟期淹水对两系杂交水稻源库特性的影响  

Effect of Complete Submergence at Milky Stage on Source and Sink of Two-line Hybrid Rice

作　　者：李绍清[1] 李阳生[1] 李达模[1] 廖江林 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院长沙农业现代化研究所,湖南长沙410125

出　　处：《杂交水稻》2000年第2期38-40,44,共4页Hybrid Rice

基　　金：国家"九五"科技攻关项目!( 95-0 0 1 -0 1 -0 4 )

摘　　要：选择两系杂交水稻培两优特青和培两优 2 88进行乳熟期模拟淹水胁迫处理 ,研究了两系杂交稻乳熟期受淹后的源库特征 ,其结果如下 :a)两系杂交稻乳熟期受淹后绿叶数减少 ,剑叶叶绿素含量和叶绿素 a/b比值及光合速率均显著降低 ,剑叶光合速率与叶绿素含量呈显著正相关 ;b)乳熟期受淹期间 ,灌浆基本停止 ,甚至出现负增长 ,当解除胁迫后 ,随之出现一补偿灌浆高峰 ;c)乳熟期受淹导致谷粒的组成结构发生变化 ,比重大于 1 .3的谷粒所占比例显著减少 ,而比重小于 1 .1的谷粒所占比例显著增加 ,同时 ,谷粒的长度略有增加 ,宽度和厚度却略有缩小 ;d)乳熟期淹水引起的源受损致使培两优特青和培两优 2 88的灌浆受到抑制 ,结实率和谷粒充实度下降。Two line rice hybrids Peiliangyou Teqing and Peiliangyou 288 were submerged at milky stage and the influence of submergence on source and sink was studied. The results were as follows: a) The number of green leaves, photosynthesis rate, chlorophyll content and rate of Chlorophyll a/b in flag leaves decreased significantly after submergence, and the photosynthesis rate was significantly correlated to chlorophyll content. b) Grain filling almost ceased or even negatively increased during submergence, but it was followed immediately by a high grain filling peak after the stress. c) Submergence stress elongated the length, diminished the width and thickness of grains, and resulted in fewer grains with the specific gravity above 1.3 and more grains with the specific gravity below 1.1. d) The reason of yield loss was mainly because submergence at milky stage damaged the source, which resulted in decrease of seed setting percentage and grain fillingness.

关 键 词：两系杂交水稻 乳熟期 淹涝胁迫 源库特征 

分 类 号：S511.01[农业科学—作物学] S422