河口表层沉积物中磷酸盐释放的动力学特征  

KINETIC CHARACTERISTICS OF PHOSPHATE RELEASE FROM SURFACE SEDIMENTS IN ESTUARIES

作　　者：张健[1] 郑西来[1,2] 董慧[1] 李琴[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学环境科学与工程学院,青岛266100 [2]中国海洋大学海洋环境与生态教育部重点实验室,青岛266100

出　　处：《海洋地质前沿》2012年第3期1-6,共6页Marine Geology Frontiers

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(4087250)

摘　　要：研究与探讨了胶州湾李村河河口区3个采样点表层沉积物中磷酸盐释放行为及盐度、温度、波浪强度、悬浮物浓度对磷酸盐释放动力学过程的影响。认为磷酸盐释放的动力学过程大致可分为3个阶段:①0～1h快速释放阶段;②1～8h缓慢释放阶段;③8h之后的平衡阶段。盐度升高可以促进磷酸盐释放,当盐度从0升高到10时,磷酸盐释放量增幅最大,说明磷酸盐释放对水相盐度的突变有较强的敏感性。温度升高有利于磷酸盐释放,在低温(<10℃)和高温(>20℃)条件下磷酸盐释放的过程有明显差异;温度较低时快速释放速率与缓慢释放速率相当,而温度较高时快速释放速率是缓慢释放速率的10倍。波浪强度对磷酸盐释放过程的影响与温度类似,当沉积物处于充分悬浮状态时,磷酸盐释放量会有大幅度提高;当悬浮物浓度降低时,快速释放速率与缓慢释放速率都有大幅度提高,释放总量也显著增加。A total of 3 surface sediment samples collected from the estuary of Licun river into Jiaozhou Bay were studied for the behavior of phosphate release and the effects of salinity,temperature,waves strength,suspended solids concentration on release kinetics.According to our experiment,the kinetic process of phosphate release can be divided into 3 phases：rapid release phase（0~1 h）,slow release phase（1~8 h） and balance phase（8 h）.Increasing salinity can accelerate phosphate release.The largest release quantity occurred at salinity values between 0 and 10 suggesting that phosphate release is very sensitive to the salinity mutation of water mass.Increasing temperature accelerates phosphate release as well.At high temperature（20 ℃）,the release rate is 10 times as high as the release rate at low temperature（10 ℃）.Wave oscillation frequency has similar impact on release rate as temperature does.Phosphate release quantity increases significantly for the sediments in full suspension.When the concentration of suspended particles is reduced,both high release rate and slow release rate increase,and the quantity of slow release increases about 40% and the total release quantity also increases significantly.

关 键 词：河口 沉积物 磷酸盐 释放动力学 

分 类 号：P591[天文地球—地球化学]