干细胞:许旺细胞的新来源  

Derivation of Schwann cells from stem cells

作　　者：赵安东[1] 蔡飒[1,2] 吕艳思[1] 潘宇[3] 林慧婷[1] 

机构地区：[1]深圳大学医学院组织学与胚胎学教研室,广东省深圳市518060 [2]香港大学李嘉诚医学院生理学系 [3]广东省人民医院广东省医学科学院医学研究中心,广东省广州市510080

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究》2012年第10期1893-1896,共4页Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81000011;81000835);广东高校优秀青年创新人才培育项目(LYM091182009);深圳市基础研究计划项目(JC201005280429A)~~

摘　　要：背景:许旺细胞对神经系统损伤的修复与再生有着重要作用。然而,许旺细胞不易直接获取,使其在临床上的应用受到限制。目的:综述神经损伤及修复过程、许旺细胞的作用以及各种干细胞分化为许旺细胞的潜能。方法:使用计算机检索Pubmed数据库2000/2011有关许旺细胞参与神经损伤的修复、干细胞分化为许旺细胞验证及应用的文献,检索词为"Schwann cells,nervous system,stem cells"。排除重复性研究,对资料进行初审,并查看每篇文献及其引文。根据纳入标准,收集到29篇相关文献。结果与结论:许旺细胞通过分泌各种细胞因子和营养因子为受损的神经营造了适于修复与再生的微环境,从而促进轴突再生;同时通过增殖及分化等机制围绕新生轴突形成髓鞘。神经修复需要大量许旺细胞的参与,而许旺细胞不易直接获取。研究表明,各种干细胞,包括胚胎干细胞、间充质干细胞、神经嵴干细胞和嗅鞘细胞,能在一定诱导条件下分化为许旺细胞样细胞,为神经系统损伤的治疗带来了新的希望。其中,间充质干细胞的研究备受关注。BACKGROUND：Schwann cells play an important role in the recovery and regeneration of peripheral nervous system（PNS） injury.However,Schwann cells are not easy to obtain directly which lead the limitation on clinical application.OBJECTIVE：To review the effect of Schwann cells on nervous system injury and regeneration process,and the potency of other stem cells to differentiate into Schwann cells.METHODS：A computer-based research on the Pubmed database was conducted to search the articles on Schwann cells participating in the regeneration of nervous system injury and the identification and application of Schwann cells differentiated from other stem cells,the key words were ＂Schwann cells,nervous system,stem cells＂.The repetitive articles were eliminated;each articles and quotations were reviewed during the process of preliminary examination.A total of 29 articles were included according to the inclusion criteria. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION：Schwann cells provide a suitable microenvironment for repair and regeneration through the secretion of various cytokines and trophic factors,thereby promote the axonal regeneration.Meanwhile,they can grow around the newborn axons and form the myelin through the mechanism of proliferation and differentiation.A large number of Schwann cells are required to repair the nervous system,but Schwann cells are not easy to directly obtain.Variety of stem cells,including embryonic stem cells,mesenchymal stem cells,neural crest stem cells and olfactory ensheathing cells can be induced to differentiate into Schwann cell-like cells in certain conditions which provide new hope for the treatment of nervous system injury.Among them,the researches on the mesenchymal stem cells attract the most attention.

关 键 词：许旺细胞 神经系统 再生 修复 干细胞 

分 类 号：R318[医药卫生—生物医学工程]