永磁压缩弹簧式溢流阀的设计与试验研究  

Design and experimental study on relief valve with permanent magnetic compression spring

作　　者：司国雷[1] 杨逢瑜[1] 王文杰 李正贵[1] 

机构地区：[1]兰州理工大学磁物理与磁技术研究所,甘肃兰州730050 [2]烽火机械厂研发中心,四川成都611130

出　　处：《排灌机械工程学报》2012年第2期214-218,230,共6页Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engineering

基　　金：甘肃省自然科学基金资助项目(ZS981-A22-022)

摘　　要：针对螺旋压缩弹簧在液压元件使用过程中的疲劳断裂、氢脆断裂、腐蚀断裂、松弛、塑性变形、永久变形等失效模式,提出了非接触式永磁压缩弹簧式液压阀的设计理念,对永磁压缩弹簧式溢流阀的基本结构、工作原理、电磁力、刚度特性进行了研究,通过解析法和试验验证法对永磁压缩弹簧进行了设计,充分利用磁场力优于螺旋压缩机械弹簧的特性段,设计出了永磁压缩弹簧式溢流阀,并对设计出的溢流阀进行了试验验证.结果表明,当永磁阀芯与永磁底座之间的间隙为0.4～1.2 mm时,磁场力保持70±5 N基本不变;在溢流阀的阶跃响应试验中,永磁压缩弹簧式溢流阀的压力波动比为11.7%,小于螺旋压缩机械弹簧式溢流阀压力波动比22.8%;在相同技术指标的条件下,永磁压缩弹簧式溢流阀的体积较螺旋压缩弹簧式溢流阀小37.5%.因此,可以充分利用永磁压缩弹簧的优势在液压阀设计方面进行深入研究.Because the helical compression spring has frequently suffered from various failures, such as fatigne fracture, corrosion cracking, relaxation, plastic deformation, permanent deformation during its operation in hydraulic components, a non-contact design concept was put forward for the relief valve by making use of permanent magnetic compression spring, and then the basic structure, working principle, electromagnetic force, stiffness characteristics for the valve were studied. Initially, a permanent magnetic compression spring was designed by means of analytical calculation and experimental validation so that the characteris- tics that magnetic force is superior to helical mechanical compression spring has been made full of use. Then a relief valve was constructed with the spring, eventually the valve performance was measured. The results show that the magnetic force keeps to be a near constant 70 ± 5 N when the gap between the permanent magnet valve core and the valve base is 0.4 - 1.2 mm. Du-ring the step response test, the pressure fluctuation in the relief valve with permanent magnetic compression spring is 11.7%, compared with 22.8% in the valve with a helical mechanical compression spring. For the same technical specifications, the size of the valve with permanent magnetic compression spring is 37.5% smaller than one with a helical compression spring. Thus, we can make full use of the advantage of permanent magnetic cornpression spring in hydraulic valves, nevertheless further investigations still are on demand.

关 键 词：溢流阀 螺旋压缩弹簧 永磁压缩弹簧 失效模式 磁场力 压力波动 体积 

分 类 号：S277.7[农业科学—农业水土工程] TH137.521[农业科学—农业工程]