不同阶段三疣梭子蟹保护酶及消化酶活性研究  

The study of digestive enzymes and protective enzymes activities of Portunus trituberculatus at different growth stages

作　　者：江水恒[1] 王丹丽[2] 邹秀[1] 华玉明[1] 魏小荣[1] 张科胜[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁波大学海洋学院,浙江宁波315211 [2]宁波大学应用海洋生物技术教育部重点实验室,浙江宁波315211

出　　处：《河北渔业》2012年第4期9-12,24,共5页

基　　金：宁波市农村科技创新创业资金(201001C8006007);浙江省科技厅公益性项目(2010C32021);宁波大学科研基金(xkl09106)

摘　　要：以三疣梭子蟹(Portunus trituberculatus)的幼蟹、雌性成蟹及抱卵雌蟹为研究对象,分别测定比较了野生和养殖蟹肌肉中的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)及肝胰腺中的胃蛋白酶、脂肪酶、淀粉酶活性,旨在揭示三疣梭子蟹不同生长阶段的消化酶和SOD酶活性的变化规律,及其与生长环境之间的关系。结果表明:(1)幼蟹、成蟹和抱卵蟹的SOD酶均表现为野生蟹显著高于养殖蟹(P<0.05);野生成蟹的脂肪酶和胃蛋白酶活性亦显著高于养殖蟹,是养殖蟹的2.5倍以上。因此,养殖蟹的机体健康水平、免疫保护和抗应激能力不及野生蟹,尤以幼蟹阶段SOD酶活性最低,抗逆境力最差。(2)野生和养殖幼蟹的淀粉酶活性分别为(1.57±0.09)U.mg-1和(2.61±0.01)U.mg-1,显著高于成蟹和抱卵蟹(P<0.05);野生和养殖成蟹的胃蛋白酶活性分别为(5.83±0.45)U.mg-1和(2.77±0.10)U.mg-1,显著高于幼蟹和抱卵蟹(P<0.05),是幼蟹和抱卵蟹的2～3倍;脂肪酶活性以养殖抱卵蟹最高,野生成蟹次之;消化酶活性变化与蟹的生长阶段及食性转变相关。The activities of superoxide dismutase （SOD） of muscle and pepsin enzyme, lipase enzyme, amylase enzyme of hepatopancre have been studied. The muscles and hepatopancreas were from the larval crab, the culture adult crabs and the spawning culture crabs of the wild and cultured Portunus trituberculatus. It was designed to reveal change of digestive enzymes and SOD enzyme activity on different growth stages of P. trituberculatus and their relationships with environment. It was showed： （1） SOD enzyme of three kinds of wild crabs were significantly higher than that of cultured （P 〈0.05） ; lipase and pepsin activity of wild crab were 2.5 times higher than culture crabs. Therefore, health, immune protection and anti--stress eapabilityof culture crab body were less than the those of wild, especially the larvals. （2） amylase activity of wild and culture larval crab were （1.57 ±0.09） U. mg^-1 and （2.61 ± 0.01） U. mg^-1 separately, which were significantly higher than those of adult crabs and spawning crabs （P d0.05） ; Wild and culture crab pepsin activity were （5.83 ± 0.45） and （2.77 ± 0.10） U. mg^-1 separately, which were 2 - 3 times higher than those of larval crabs and spawning crabs; Lipase activity of the wild crabs was higher than others but culture spawning crabs; Digestive enzyme activity was associated with the growth stage and feeding habit.

关 键 词：三疣梭子蟹 生长阶段 消化酶 超氧化物歧化酶 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]