无细胞真皮基质的研制  

The preparation of an acellular dermal matrix

作　　者：贾生贤[1] 金曙雯[1] 陈玉英[2] 张蕙心[2] 花兰女[1] 史济湘[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海第二医科大学附属瑞金医院上海市烧伤研究所,200025 [2]上海第二医科大学生物物理教研室

出　　处：《实用美容整形外科杂志》2000年第2期59-62,共4页Journal of Practical Aesthetic and Plastic Surgery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金课题!批准号:39290700

摘　　要：目前治疗大面积深度烧伤的方法是刃厚自体皮移植 ,后者因缺乏足够的真皮成分 ,常常造成瘢痕和挛缩。因此 ,研制一种含有足够量真皮成分的永久性皮肤替代物将具有很大的临床意义。将异体 (或异种 )皮用高渗盐溶液处理以去除表皮 ,去污剂处理以去除真皮中细胞成分 ,得到一种无细胞真皮基质。经光镜和透射电镜观察证实 ,它去除了表皮全层和真皮中所有细胞成分 ,保留了完整的基底膜复合物 ,胶原束结构和排列保持正常 ,弹力纤维亦正常存在。与AlloDerm相比 ,无细胞真皮基质具有以下主要优点 :①由于延长去污剂的作用时间 ,真皮中残留的细胞成分被完全清除 ,因此制得的真皮基质更为理想 ;②AlloDerm用同种异体皮制备 ,而无细胞真皮基质除用同种异体皮外 ,亦可用异种猪皮制备 ,因此来源广泛 。The treatment of extensive deep burn wound is mainly by transplantation of split thickness skin autograft. But the inadequecy of dermis makes the wound healed with scarring and contracture. A permanent skin replacement with sufficient amount of dermis will be of clinical interest. An acellular dermal matrix was prepared from allogenic or xenogenic skin by removing epidermis with a hyperosmotic salt solution and excluding cellular components in dermis with a detergent solution. Under light and transmission electron microscope, the acellular dermal matrix was a kind of matrix with intact basement membrane and normal structure and organization of collagen and elastic fiber, but without any epidermis and cellular components in dermis. The acellular dermal matrix had some main advantages over AlloDerm: ①Because of prolongation of detergent action processing, the remaining cellular components in dermis were completely removed. So the dermal matrix prepared by this way was more ideal. ②AlloDerm was made of allogenic skin, while the acellular dermal matrix could be made of xenogenic porcine skin which has the benefit of wide source and low price.

关 键 词：无细胞真皮基质 基底膜复合物 ALLODERM 研制 

分 类 号：R622.1[医药卫生—整形外科]