从形式蕴涵看“实质蕴涵怪论”--怪论定理之“反例”化解路径新探  

A New Approach to Material Implication Paradoxes from the Perspective of Formal Implication to Resolve the'Counterexample'of Paradoxical Theorem

作　　者：张建军[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学哲学系 [2]南京大学现代逻辑与逻辑应用研究所

出　　处：《学术研究》2012年第4期14-21,159,共8页Academic Research

摘　　要：由蕴涵怪论引发的实质蕴涵合理性辩护问题,既是当代逻辑哲学的重要课题,也是逻辑基础教学中难以回避的问题。化解怪论定理之"反例",是实质蕴涵合理性辩护的重要途径。以往的化解路径可以较好地应对"第一类怪论定理"问题,但难以化解关于"第二类怪论定理"的"严峻反例"。运用"形式蕴涵"理论重新审视实质蕴涵问题,可以为怪论定理之"反例"提供一条新的化解路径,使"严峻反例"问题得到彻底解决,从而使经典逻辑真理的普适性得以维护。The defense for the rationality of the material implication triggered by the paradoxes of implication is a very important quarrel in the contemporary philosophy of logic and raises an unavoidable question in the basic logic teaching as well.To resolve the 'Counterexample' of the paradoxical theorem is a significant approach to defending the rationality of the material implication.The former approaches can considerably resolve the problem of 'the first type of paradoxical theorems',but they could not resolve the 'critical counterexamples' of 'the second type of paradoxical theorems'.Reexamine the problem of material implication with the theory of 'formal implication' can provide a new approach to resolve the 'counterexample' of the paradoxical theorem,and can thoroughly resolve the problem of 'critical counterexample'.Consequently,the universality of classical logical truth can be defended.

关 键 词：形式蕴涵 实质蕴涵 蕴涵怪论 怪论定理 严峻反例 

分 类 号：B812[哲学宗教—逻辑学]