当代中国跨文化心理学的新领域——中国城乡区域阶层文化心理跨文化研究  

A New Areas of Cross-cultural Psychology in China——A Cross-cultural Psychological Study of the Class of Urban-rural Areas in China

作　　者：张海钟[1] 姜永志[2] 

机构地区：[1]兰州城市学院教育学院心理学系,甘肃兰州730070 [2]内蒙古民族大学教育科学学院心理学系,内蒙古通辽028000

出　　处：《教育文化论坛》2012年第1期54-57,共4页Tribune of Education Culture

基　　金：全国哲学社会科学规划办公室2008立项国家社会科学基金西部项目<区域文化心理差异与和谐社会建设研究>资助课题成果;项目编号:08XSH009

摘　　要：按照比较教育学、比较经济学、比较文学等学科概念的定义,跨文化心理学应该称为比较心理学,可是,早在20世纪初,比较心理学这个概念就被心理学家用来指人和动物的心理比较研究。于是,不同国别、种族、民族之间的心理比较研究,就被称呼为跨文化心理学。20世纪80-90年代,我国学者引进跨文化心理学之后,主要是模仿西方的跨文化心理学,开展西方心理学理论在中国不同民族的检验,随后开始国内不同民族儿童发展心理的比较研究。再后来,就出现了不同宗教信仰人群的心理比较研究。新世纪以来,城乡之间、区域之间、年龄之间、性别之间的心理比较研究逐步展开。开展这些研究,有一个基本假设,就是除了生物遗传因素之外,文化是影响人的心理活动特征的重要变量。而且文化与心理特别是人格之间相互作用。我们把新扩展的这些领域称为城乡跨文化心理学、区域跨文化心理学、年龄跨文化心理学、性别跨文化心理学、阶层跨文化心理学。According to the definition of comparative education, comparative economics, comparative literature and other disciplines, cross-cultural psychology should be called comparative psychology. However, in the early 20th century, the concept of comparative psychology was used to refer to comparative study between human and animal. Thus, it was called as cross-cultural psychology in different country, race and ethnic. In 1980s and 1990s, after the scholars of china introduce the cross-cultural psychology from elsewhere, it mainly was an imitation of the West’s cross-cultural psychology and carry out the Western psychological theory test between different ethnic groups in China. Soon afterwards, they started the comparative study of psychological development of children in different nationalities. Still later, there has been more psychological research in different religious groups. Since the new century, psychological comparative studies between urban and rural, regions, age and gender have been gradually carried out. In addition to genetic factors, there is a basic assumption that culture is an important variable to affect the psychological characteristics. We called these new areas as urban and rural cross-cultural psychology, regional cross-cultural psychology, age cross-cultural psychology, gender cross-cultural psychology and class cross-cultural psychology.

关 键 词：民族 区域 阶层 跨文化心理学 

分 类 号：G05[文化科学]