山东省危害核桃的链格孢属真菌鉴定及其系统发育  

Identification and phylogenetic analysis of walnut-associated Alternaria spp.in Shandong Province,China

作　　者：曲文文[1] 刘霞[1] 杨克强[1,2] 刘会香[3] 侯立群[4] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学林学院,泰安271018 [2]山东农业大学作物生物学国家重点实验室,泰安271018 [3]山东农业大学植物保护学院,山东省林业有害生物防控工程技术中心,泰安271018 [4]山东省林业科学研究院,济南250014

出　　处：《植物保护学报》2012年第2期121-128,共8页Journal of Plant Protection

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31170632);山东省农业良种工程项目(2009LZ010);山东省教育厅项目(J10LC19)

摘　　要：为了明确危害核桃的链格孢属Alternaria真菌种类,对34个供试菌株在PCA培养基上的培养特征、产孢表型、分生孢子特征等进行了研究,并采用ITS、OPA2-1和OPA1-3序列分析其系统发育。其中33个菌株为链格孢A.alternata,1个为细极链格孢A.tenuissima。链格孢:菌落灰色;孢子链短、分枝频繁,每条分枝含4～10个孢子;分生孢子多倒梨形,孢身平均25.6μm×7.4μm,横隔膜2～8个。细极链格孢:菌落褐色;孢子链长、少分枝,孢子链约含10个孢子;分生孢子多长椭圆形,孢身平均26.3μm×13.5μm,具柱状喙及假喙,主横隔膜1～6个,孢身中部的隔膜较粗。链格孢属真菌在遗传上有较大差异,ITS、OPA2-1和OPA1-3序列对链格孢小孢子种具有一定的区分作用,链格孢是危害核桃的主要链格孢属种。To identify walnut-associated Alternaria spp.,the cultural characteristics,sporulation phenotypes and conidial characteristics were described from cultures grown on potato carrot agar（PCA）.Meanwhile,the phylogenetic analysis was carried out based on the sequences of ITS,OPA2-1 and OPA1-3 anonymous genomic regions.The results released that 33 isolates of total 34 tested isolates were A.alternata and only one isolate ＇10-19＇ was A.tenuissima.Sporulation pattern of A.alternata isolates appeared as low bushy clumps of well-branched conidial chains（4 to 10 spores）;conidia varied from obpyriform to ovate,the average size of spore body 25.6μm×7.4μm,with 2-8 transverse.A.tenuissima isolate produced long conidial chains（about 10 spores） with occasional branching forming secondary chains（1-5 spores）;Conidia were obclavate or ellipsoidal with 1-6 transverse septa,central 1-2 septa often thicker and darker than the others,with the average size of spore body 26.3μm×13.5μm.The phylogenetic analysis was showed the sequences of ITS,OPA2-1 and OPA1-3 anonymous genomic regions can be used to distinguish the small-spores Alternaria species to some extent.A.alternata was dominant species of walnut-associated Alternaria spp.

关 键 词：链格孢属 核桃 产孢表型 分生孢子特征 系统发育 

分 类 号：S436.64[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]