马铃薯早疫病菌对咯菌腈的敏感基线及其对不同药剂的交互抗性  

Sensitivity baseline of Alternaria alternata,causal agent of potato early blight,to fludioxonil and cross-resistance to different fungicides

作　　者：范子耀[1,2] 孟润杰[1] 韩秀英[1] 马志强[1] 王文桥[1] 刘颖超[2] 

机构地区：[1]河北省农林科学院植物保护研究所,河北省农业有害生物综合防治工程技术研究中心,保定071000 [2]河北农业大学植物保护学院,保定071000

出　　处：《植物保护学报》2012年第2期153-158,共6页Journal of Plant Protection

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(nycytx-15)

摘　　要：采用菌丝生长速率法测定了河北省马铃薯主产区的122株早疫病菌Alternaria alternata对咯菌腈的敏感性,并测定了紫外诱导的15个抗咯菌腈突变菌株及其3个敏感亲本菌株对咯菌腈、异菌脲、腐霉利、苯醚甲环唑、吡唑醚菌酯的敏感性。田间马铃薯早疫病菌群体对咯菌腈保持高度敏感,122株早疫病菌对咯菌腈的EC50值在0.0025～0.0857μg/mL之间,平均值为0.0404±0.0171μg/mL,相差34.87倍,呈近似正态分布,可作为早疫病菌对咯菌腈的敏感基线。此外,咯菌腈与吡唑醚菌酯和苯醚甲环唑之间无交互抗性关系,而与异菌脲和腐霉利之间存在正交互抗性关系。在田间药效试验中,50%咯菌腈WP施药量为105、115 g/hm2时,对马铃薯早疫病防效达80%以上,显著高于常规药剂80%代森锰锌WP 1350g/hm2和25%丙环唑EC 37.5g/hm2的防效。表明咯菌腈可作为吡唑醚菌酯和苯醚甲环唑的替代药剂用于马铃薯早疫病的防治。Sensitivity to fludioxonil of 122 isolates of Alternaria alternata,causal agent of potato early blight,collected from potato plants growing in the major regions of potato production in Hebei Province was detected using mycelial growth rate test.Sensitivity of 15 UV-induced mutants resistant to fludioxonil and their 3 sensitive parental isolates to fludioxonil,iprodione,procymidone,difenoconazole and pyraclostrobin was tested with mycelial growth rate assay.EC50 values of 122 isolates to fludioxonil ranged from 0.0025μg/mL to 0.0857μg/mL with a mean of 0.0404±0.0171μg/mL,EC50 value of the most insensitive isolate was 34.87 times that of the most sensitive one,and the frequency distribution of the 122 isolates conformed to approximate Gaussian distribution,so the average EC50 value was regarded as the baseline sensitivity of A.alternata to fludioxonil.Besides,no cross-resistance correlation in A.alternata exists between fludioxonil and difenoconazole or pyraclostrobin but positively correlated cross-resistance relationship exists between fludioxonil and iprodione or procymidone.In field trial on controlling efficacy,the control effect of fludioconil 50% WP applied at the rate of 105 or 115g/hm2 against the potato early blight was all above 80% and significantly higher than that of the conventional fungicides mancozeb 80% WP applied at the rate of 1350g /hm2 and propiconazole 25% EC applied at the rate of 37.5g/hm2.So fludioxonil could be used for control of potato early blight as the substitute fungicide for pyraclostrobin and difenoconazole.

关 键 词：马铃薯早疫病菌 咯菌腈 敏感基线 交互抗性 防治效果 

分 类 号：S435.32[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]