饲粮蛋白质水平对冬毛期蓝狐生长性能、营养物质消化代谢及血清生化指标的影响  

Effects of Dietary Protein Level on Growth Performance,Nutrient Digestion and Metabolism,and Serum Biochemical Indices of Blue Foxes during the Winter Hair Period

作　　者：崔虎[1] 张铁涛[1] 张志强[1] 耿业业[1] 高秀华[1] 杨福合[2,3] 邢秀梅[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院饲料研究所,北京100081 [2]中国农业科学院特产研究所,吉林132109 [3]吉林省特种经济动物分子生物学省部共建实验室,吉林132109

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2011年第12期2217-2224,共8页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项(200903014)

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究饲粮蛋白质水平对冬毛期蓝狐生长性能、营养物质消化代谢及血清生化指标的影响。选取16周龄、平均体重为(5.71±0.60)kg的健康雄性蓝狐90只,随机分为6组,每组15个重复,每个重复1只。各组蓝狐分别饲喂蛋白质水平为24%(Ⅰ组)、26%(Ⅱ组)、28%(Ⅲ组)、30%(Ⅳ组)、32%(Ⅴ组)、34%(Ⅵ组)的试验饲粮。预试期7 d,正试期80 d。结果表明,Ⅲ组蓝狐的末重、平均日增重和饲料转化率均为最高,其中末重极显著高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅴ和Ⅵ组(P<0.01),平均日增重和饲料转化率显著或极显著高于Ⅰ、Ⅴ和Ⅵ组(P<0.05或P<0.01)。Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ组的干物质消化率极显著高于Ⅰ、Ⅴ和Ⅵ组(P<0.01)。蛋白质消化率随着饲粮蛋白质水平的升高有先升高后降低的趋势,但组间差异不显著(P>0.05);而脂肪消化率在饲粮蛋白质水平为28%时最高,且与其他各组存在显著差异(P<0.05)。随着饲粮蛋白质水平的升高,粪氮和尿氮排出量都有升高的趋势,且Ⅴ和Ⅵ组的尿氮排出量极显著高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ组(P<0.01)。饲粮蛋白质水平在28%时,蓝狐的净蛋白质利用率和蛋白质生物学价值均为最高,同时氮沉积也处在较高水平。随着饲粮蛋白质水平的升高,血清尿素氮含量呈升高的趋势,而血清总蛋白和白蛋白含量则先升高后降低,且均以Ⅲ组最高。各组间血清谷丙转氨酶活性没有显著差异(P>0.05),而血清谷草转氨酶活性Ⅰ组显著低于其他各组(P<0.05)。结合平均日增重、营养物质消化率、氮代谢以及血清生化指标得出,冬毛期蓝狐饲粮适宜的蛋白质水平为28%。The experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary protein level on growth performance,nutrient digestion and metabolism,and serum biochemical indices of blue foxes during the winter hair period.Ninety healthy male blue foxes with an average body weight of（5.71±0.60） kg were randomly assigned into 6 groups with 15 replicates per group and 1 blue fox per replicate.The blue foxes in the 6 groups were fed 6 experimental diets containing 24%（group Ⅰ）,26%（group Ⅱ）,28%（group Ⅲ）,30%（group Ⅳ）,32%（group Ⅴ） and 34%（group Ⅵ） protein,respectively.The experiment included an adaptation period for 7 days and a test period for 80 days.The results showed as follows： the highest final weight,average daily gain and feed conversation ratio were found in the group Ⅲ.Among them,the final weight in the group Ⅲ was significantly higher than that in groups Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅴ and Ⅵ（P0.01）,and the average daily gain and feed conversation ratio in the group Ⅲ were significantly higher than those in groups Ⅰ,Ⅴ and Ⅵ（P0.05 or P0.01）.The dry matter digestibility in groups Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ was significantly higher than that in groups Ⅰ,Ⅴ and Ⅵ（P0.01）.With increasing protein level,protein digestibility was increased,but no significant differences were found among all groups（P0.05）.The highest fat digestibility was found in the group with the diet containing 28% protein,and the significant differences were found between the group Ⅲ and other groups（P0.05）.With increasing protein level,the fecal nitrogen output and urinary nitrogen output were increased,and urinary nitrogen output in groups Ⅴand Ⅵ was significantly higher than that in groups Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ（P0.01）.The highest net protein utilization,biological value of protein and higher nitrogen retention were found in the group with the diet containing 28% protein.With increasing protein level,the serum urea nitrogen content was increased,while the contents of total protein and albumin in serum wer

关 键 词：蓝狐 蛋白质水平 生长性能 营养物质消化率 氮代谢 血清生化指标 

分 类 号：S816.1[农业科学—饲料科学]