负压救护车排风净化装置的研制与应用  

Development and application of negative-pressure ambulance exhaust filtration equipment

作　　者：衣颖[1] 赵明[1] 李艳菊[1] 张宗兴[1] 祁建城[1] 

机构地区：[1]军事医学科学院卫生装备研究所生物防护技术与装备研究室国家生物防护装备工程技术研究中心,天津300161

出　　处：《中国卫生工程学》2012年第2期89-91,96,共4页Chinese Journal of Public Health Engineering

基　　金：科技部甲型H1N1流感联防联控应急科研项目"生物防护装备的评价与研发"(2009年)

摘　　要：目的研制一种负压救护车排风净化装置,使安装该装置的普通救护车通过电路连接、车厢加强密封等简单改造后,快速升级为具备负压隔离功能的负压救护车。方法采用一体化设计,集成动力排风、空气高效过滤、紫外线杀菌、负压监测与报警等功能与一体。分别使用物理气溶胶和病毒气溶胶检测该装置的过滤效率;装置正常运行后,通过微压差传感器测量救护车病员室的负压值;通过测量装置的排风量计算救护车病员室的换气次数。结果该装置的过滤效率、救护车病员室的负压值、换气次数均达到国家卫生行业标准要求。结论该装置过滤效率高,体积小,功能集成化,安装方便,在全国范围内为呼吸道传染病疫情的防控提供了装备支撑,取得了显著的社会效益。Objective To develop a negative-pressure ambulance exhaust filtration equipment,which can be used to smoothly update the normal ambulance to the negative-pressure ambulance with the function of negative-pressure isolation through connecting the circuit and sealing the carriage.Methods Integrated design was used including the powered air exhaust,highly efficient air filtering,ultraviolet sterilization,negative-pressure monitoring and alarming were assembled in comparatively small size equipment.The filtration efficiency was detected using both physical aerosol and viral aerosol.When the equipment was running normally,the negative pressure of the ambulance＇s carriage was detected by the micro difference pressure sensor.And the air changes of the ambulance＇s carriage were calculated by the measured exhausted air rate of the equipment.Results The filtration efficiency of the equipment,the negative pressure and the air changes of the ambulance＇s carriage met the national standards.Conclusion The equipment has the advantages of high filtration efficiency,small size,versatile features and convenient installation.It has provided strong support for protecting against the respiratory infectious diseases,and achieved significant social benefits.

关 键 词：排风净化 负压救护车 病毒气溶胶 

分 类 号：R184.6[医药卫生—流行病学]