页岩气藏压裂改造难点与技术关键  

Difficulties and key techniques in the fracturing treatment of shale gas reservoirs

作　　者：赵金洲[1] 王松[1] 李勇明[1] 

机构地区：[1]"油气藏地质及开发工程"国家重点实验室·西南石油大学,四川省成都市610500

出　　处：《天然气工业》2012年第4期46-49,122,共4页Natural Gas Industry

基　　金：中国石油科技创新基金"页岩气藏压裂渗流理论与应用研究"(编号:2011-5006-0201)

摘　　要：我国的页岩气资源储量非常可观,国外成功开发的经验表明,压裂改造是实现页岩气高效、经济开发的重要技术步骤。为此,在详细调研和总结国内外相关成果的基础上,从压裂改造的角度分析了页岩气储层基本特征,阐述了页岩气藏压裂理论、材料和工艺3个方面所面临的难题和挑战,进而提出了页岩气藏改造技术关键。结论认为:剪切作用有利于形成复杂裂缝网络;页岩中的气体以吸附、游离和溶解状态存在,在非达西流动状态下,气体渗流机理更为复杂;以微地震数据为基础,通过离散裂缝网络模型描述缝网是目前计算页岩气产能的主流方法;滑溜水压裂应根据储层条件研制和筛选支撑剂和添加剂,开发井下工具,并优化泵注程序和压裂工艺,以形成高导流能力的大型复杂裂缝网络为改造作业目标。The successful practices of shale gas development abroad demonstrate that hydraulic fracturing is an important technique for achieving economical and effective development.In view of this,on the basis of a thorough review of the achievements at home and abroad,the basic characteristics of shale gas reservoirs are analyzed from the perspective of hydraulic fracturing,and the difficulties and challenges are also introduced in the aspects of the theory,materials and technology of fracturing treatment in shale gas reservoirs.Based on the above,the key techniques are presented.The following conclusions are drawn.(1) The shearing action is in favor of the formation of complex fracture networks.(2) Gas exists in the adsorption,free and dissolved state and the principle of gas seepage is even more complex under the state of non-Darcy flow.(3) Based on the microseismic data,the discrete fracture network(DFN) model is built to characterize the fracture network,which is the most popular method for the calculation of shale gas well productivity.(4) As for slick water fracturing treatment,according to the reservoir conditions,propping agent and novel addictives should be studied and developed as well as downhole tools,and the pumping schedule and technology should be optimized,so as to make full preparations for the goal of the large scale and complex fracture network with high conductivity.This study provides technical support for the fast,effective and economical development of shale gas in China.

关 键 词：页岩气 水力压裂 复杂缝网 渗流机理 滑溜水压裂 难点 技术关键 

分 类 号：TE37[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]