黄瓜黑星病菌致病机理的研究 Ⅱ细胞壁降解酶及其在致病中的作用  

PATHOGENIC MECHANISM OF SCAB OF CUCUMBER CAUSED BY Cladosporium cucumerinum Ⅱ THE CELL WALL DEGRADING ENZYMES AND ITS PATHOGENIC ACTION

作　　者：李宝聚[1] 周长力[1] 赵奎华[1] 李凤云[1] 陈红漫[2] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁省农业科学院植物保护研究所,沈阳110161 [2]沈阳农业大学酶工程中心,沈阳110161

出　　处：《植物病理学报》2000年第1期13-18,共6页Acta Phytopathologica Sinica

基　　金：辽宁省科委重点科技攻关资助!(942 0 10 32 )

摘　　要：本文通过活体内外黄瓜黑星病菌 (Cladosporium cucumerinum)产生的细胞壁降解酶活性分析 ,初步明确了 Cx-酶 (羧甲基纤维素酶 )、β-葡萄糖苷酶和 PMG(聚甲基半乳糖醛酸酶 )、PMTE(果胶甲基反式消除酶 )在该菌侵染黄瓜中的作用。瓜条感病的各部位 ,以病健交界处细胞壁降解酶活性最高 ;在检测的各类酶中 ,活性最高的为 PMG、PMTE,Cx-酶、β-葡萄糖苷酶和 FPA(滤纸酶 )活性较低。抗感病黄瓜品种染病后 ,细胞壁降解酶活性均迅速增强。感病品种染病后 ,果胶酶 (PMG、PMTE)活性远远高于抗病品种 ,其高峰值是抗病品种的 2 .72～ 7.52倍。感病品种接种后纤维素酶 (Cx-酶、β-葡萄糖苷酶 )活性一直增强 ;抗病品种接种后 β-葡萄糖苷酶随着接种天数的增加酶活性一直增强 ,Cx-酶在染病后初期活性迅速增强 ,增至高峰后逐渐降低。Activities of the cell wall degrading enzymes (CWDEs) produced by C.cucumerinum both in vitro and in vivo were studied.The results primarily demonstrated that Cx,β glucosidase,PMG and PMTE played roles during the infection.Among each part of diseased cucumber,the activity of the CWDEs around the boundary between diseased and healthy areas was the highest.For all kinds of CWDEs that could be examined,the activities of the PMG andPMTE were higher,and those of Cx and β glucosidase were relatively lower.Activities of CWDEs in susceptible and resistant cultivars were rapidly improved after inoculation.However,activities of the pectinase(PMG,PMTE) in susceptible cultivars were significantly higher than those in resistant cultivars.The peak values in the former were 2.72-7.52 times of those in the latter.After inoculation,activities of the cellulase (Cx,β glucosidase) increased consistently in susceptible cultivars.The activity of β glucosidase increased as the disease development in resistant cultivars, while activity of Cx only increased during early days,and gradually decreased when that reached the peak however.

关 键 词：黄瓜 黑星病菌 细胞壁降解酶 致病性 

分 类 号：S435.421.1[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]