“十一五”期间贵州省大气污染减排绩效评估  

EVALUATION OF AIR POLLUTION REDUCTION IN GUIZHOU PROVINCE DURING ELEVENTH FIVE-YEAR

作　　者：马国霞[1] 赵学涛[1] 於方[1] 

机构地区：[1]环境保护部环境规划院,北京100012

出　　处：《长江流域资源与环境》2012年第4期506-511,共6页Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin

基　　金：国家自然基金项目(40801051);中挪合作<提高省级环境保护五年规划的执行效果>项目资助

摘　　要：利用环境经济学方法,对贵州省"十一五"大气污染减排的成本和效益进行定量分析的基础上,对其"十一五"期间大气污染SO2减排绩效进行评估。结果显示:(1)贵州省"十一五"期间SO2减排政策实施后,大气环境质量有所改善,尤其是酸雨pH值上升明显,许多城市的酸雨频率已降低到零;(2)"十一五"期间,贵州省SO2的减排成本为22.8亿元,SO2的减排收益为27亿元,SO2减排效益大于成本,污染减排约束性指标的倒逼、引导、推动作用开始显现,能源利用效率有所提高,经济结构趋于优化和升级;(3)贵州省火力发电的脱硫装置安装率已达90%以上,表明其大气污染SO2的工程减排空间有限,今后要实现贵州省大气污染减排的刚性约束目标,更多的要从结构减排和管理减排的角度进行。Cost-Benefit analysis is applied in our research to evaluate the performance of emission reduction policies in Guizhou Province,one of acid rain severely afflicted areas in China, during 11th Five-Year Plan period. The results from our research indicate. 1） After the implementation of the 11th Five-Year SO2 reduc- tion policies,the air quality of Guizhou Province is remarkable improved, the acidity and frequency of the acid rain are reduced significantly, and especially some frequency of acid rain in some cities has been reduced to zero. 2） The cost of reduction is about 2.28 billion RMB, and the benefit of reduction is 2.7 billion RMB. The net gain of 802 reduction policies in Guizhou Province is positive and the advantage effects of pollution reduction binding targets are emerging, such as the efficiency of energy utilization is improved and the economic structure is optimized. 3） Installation rate of desulfurization in thermal power generation plant has reached more than 90%. It indicates that the potential of SO2 reduction contributed by engineer- ing projects is limited. Thus,to achieve air pollution reduction binding targets,Guizhou Province needs to pay more attention to structural emission reduction and emission management.

关 键 词：大气污染减排 成本-效益方法 环境污染损失 贵州省 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]