基于区域差异的污染物削减总量分配研究——以COD削减总量的省际分配为例  

POLLUTANT REDUCTION ALLOCATION BASED ON REGIONAL DIFFERENCES ——COD REDUCTION ALLOCATION BETWEEN PROVINCES AS A CASE

作　　者：刘巧玲[1] 王奇[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学环境科学与工程学院,北京100871

出　　处：《长江流域资源与环境》2012年第4期512-517,共6页Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划项目"沿湖地区农业面源污染阻控关键技术研究"(2007BAD87B01)

摘　　要：随着污染物总量控制手段在我国的不断推进与深化,如何公平合理地在不同区域之间分配污染物削减总量是学术研究和政府决策关注的重要问题。在对现有的污染物(削减)总量分配方法及其体现的不同分配思想进行比较的基础上,充分考虑污染物从产生、削减到排放的全过程影响因素,提出了合情合理的污染削减分配公平准则。以COD削减总量分配为例,构建了相应的公平分配指标体系,重点考虑各地区在污染物结构减排、工程减排和环境质量状况等方面的差异,基于熵权法建立了体现区域差异的"改进的等比例分配方法",并对我国省际间COD削减总量分配进行了案例研究。结果表明,这种改进的等比例分配方法,在考虑公平的基础上同时兼顾了各省市之间的差异性,为我国在不同区域间进行不同类型污染物的削减总量分配提供了新的思路与方法。As pollution reduction efforts promoting and deepening in China, how to allocate the pollutant re- duction amount fairly and reasonably among different regions is an important issue worthy of highly con- cern. A reasonable and equitable allocation criterion system was put forward based on the comparison with the current pollutant （reduction）allocation methods and the allocation thoughts, and on the full considera- tion to the influence factors about pollutant from production, reduction to emission process. Taking COD reduction allocation as a case study,a specific index system was established. Focusing on the differences in economic structure ,pollution control engineering and environment quality, using entropy weighting meth- od, an improved proportional distribution method was raised, based on the reduction allocation of COD be- tween provinces. The results show that the improved proportional distribution method,taking into account the differences between provinces and cities, can be taken as an appropriate method for various types of pol- lution reduction allocation among different districts in China.

关 键 词：水环境质量 污染削减总量分配 改进的等比例法 公平准则体系 

分 类 号：X5[环境科学与工程—环境工程]