大豆种质资源共生固氮特性评价及遗传初步研究  

Evaluation and preliminary genetical study of Chinese soybean germplasm for symbiotic characters

作　　者：徐巧珍[1] 张学江[1] 李志玉[1] 江木兰[1] 沈金雄[1] 肖玲[1] 郭庆元[1] 涂赣英[1] 单志慧[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农科院油料作物研究所,武汉430062

出　　处：《中国油料作物学报》2000年第1期19-23,共5页Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金! ( 3 880 5 47);中国农业科院院长基金资助项目

摘　　要：以我国 2 2个省 590份主要栽培大豆品种为材料 ,评价春、夏、秋大豆遗传资源结瘤固氮性状 ,并配制杂交组合进行初步遗传分析。结果显示 :1 )春夏秋大豆类型间、品种间结瘤固氮性状差异极显著。同类型不同产区的大豆品种共生固氮性状差异显著 ,以长江流域及其以南产区 ,尤以湖北、江苏省品种最佳。 2 )与共生固氮性状密切相关的 1 0项参数变异范围以夏大豆最大 ,并鉴定出单株结瘤数达 2 3 8.8个、根瘤重达 0 .59g、固氮量达 1 47.0 5mg,固氮率 85%,耐硝酸盐性状良好及与根瘤菌亲和性强的优良种质。 3 )不同类型菌株与不同类型大豆品种亲和性有明显差异 ,慢生型菌株 B.japonicum 1 1 3 -2与春、夏、秋大豆品种亲和性优于快生型菌株 S.fredii H4 3 2 ,鉴定出高亲和大豆品种—菌株共生体。 4 )杂交后代遗传分析表明 。accessions of spring, summer and autumn soybean germplasms from 22 provinces in China were evaluated for nodulation and N 2 foxation, and the prepared mating combination were genetically analyzed. The results showed 1) Significant differences of the symbiotic characters occurred in both soybean types and cultivars from the same type, and significant differences of the characters also existed among cultivars from different regions, the best cultivars were those from the south of China, especially Hubei and Jiangsu province. 2) The characters variations of summer soybeans in ten parameters related to the symbiotic characters were more than that of spring or autumn soybeans, and the desired cultivars were obtained with 238.8 nodules, 0.59g nodule weight, 147.05mg N fixed per plant as well as 85% fixation, tolerance to NO - 3 and strong compatibility with rhizobia. 3) There were significant differences in compatibility of different strains in symbiosis with different soybean types, the B.japonicum strain 113 2 in compatibility with spring ,summer and autumn soybeans was better than R.fredii H432, some highly compatible strain 113 2 soybean cultivar combinations were noted. 4) Genetic analysis for cross progenies indicated that the imcompatibility of soybean cultivar and rhizobial strain was controlled by the dominant allele of the host.

关 键 词：大豆 遗传 种质资源 共生固氮 评价 育种 

分 类 号：S565.103.3[农业科学—作物学]