新型磷-氮膨胀阻燃剂在改性聚丙烯中的应用研究  

Study on Application of Novel P-N Intumescent Flame Retardant in Polypropylene

作　　者：张翔[1] 张帆[1] 

机构地区：[1]公安部四川消防研究所,四川成都610036

出　　处：《中国塑料》2012年第4期92-96,共5页China Plastics

基　　金："十二.五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAK03B03)

摘　　要：采用自制干法合成的磷-氮膨胀型阻燃剂(磷酸酯三聚氰胺盐,IFR)复配聚磷酸胺(APP)和聚四氟乙烯(PT-FE)阻燃改性聚丙烯(PP),利用极限氧指数法、垂直燃烧法分析了阻燃PP的燃烧性能,通过热重分析仪、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪、扫描电子显微镜和X射线光电子能谱对阻燃PP的热降解过程、燃烧性能、残炭结构进行了分析,并研究了燃烧过程中复配阻燃体系对PP的阻燃机理。结果发现,IFR、APP和PTFE之间具有明显的阻燃协效作用;当阻燃剂总添加量为24%(APP为6%、IFR为17.5%、PTFE为0.5%)(质量分数)时,阻燃PP的极限氧指数达到30.1%,垂直燃烧测试达UL 94V-0级;加入阻燃剂还能提高PP的热稳定性。In this work, a flame retardant （melamine phosphate, IFR）, ammonium system containing P-N polyphosphate （ APP）, intumescent flame retardant and polytetrafluoroethylene （PTFE） was applied in polypropylene （PP）. The burning property of the IFR/APP/PTFE system flame retarded PP was tested by limited oxygen index and UL 94 measurement. Using thermogravimetric, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning elecreon microscope, and X- ray photoelectron spectroscopy, the burning property, thermal degradation process, and the components of residual carbon of flame retarded PP were analyzed, and the flame retardaney mechanism of PP/IFR/APP/PTFE system was studied. It showed that the IFR/APP/PTFE flame retardant system showed significant synergistic effect, and the PP/IFR/APP/PTFE could reach a limited oxygen index value of 30. 1% and UL 94 % with only 24% IFR/APP/PTFE flame retardant （APP 6%, IFR17.5%, PTFE 0. 5 %）. In addition, the thermal stability of PP was improved by the introduction of the flame retardant.

关 键 词：聚丙烯 磷-氮膨胀阻燃剂 阻燃机理 

分 类 号：TQ325.14[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]