液化石油气储罐火灾爆炸事故的定量分析  

The Quantitative Analysis of Fire and Explosion Accident of LPG Tanks

作　　者：董影超[1] 宋文华[1] 谢飞[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]天津工业大学环境与化学工程学院,天津300387 [2]天津市消防总队,天津300100

出　　处：《南开大学学报（自然科学版）》2012年第1期101-105,共5页Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Nankaiensis

基　　金：天津市应用基础及前沿技术研究计划重点项目(10JCZDJC25000);国家自然科学基金(50974096)

摘　　要：结合某液化石油气储配站的具体案例,介绍了该站的选址、厂区布置、罐区设备配置及工艺设置情况.针对液化石油气储罐区潜在的火灾爆炸危险性,采用美国道化学分析法对石油气储罐区火灾、爆炸事故进行定量分析.该单元火灾爆炸指数计算表明,火灾爆炸指数为136.21,其危险等级为"很大".评价的危险单元中有3个20 m3储罐,一旦罐内的液化石油气在储存过程中发生火灾、爆炸,将对半径34.87 m、区域面积6.90×103m2范围内的设备、设施和人员造成破坏和伤害,最大可能财产损失为0.64A万元(A为区域内的财产价值).用已采取的安全措施对该单元安全进行补偿,补偿系数为0.57,经补偿后火灾爆炸指数为78.31,危险等级属"较轻",实际最大可能财产损失为0.35A万元,可降低45%.In the light of the potential risk of liquefied petroleum gas storage tank fire and explosion,American DOW chemical analysis is used to make the quantitative analysis of the fire and explosion accidents.The results of fire and explosion index calculation in the unit shows that the danger index for fire explosion is 136.21 and its risk level is large.It has three 20 m3 spherical tank of petroleum gas in the evaluation of dangerous unit.During the storage process,if the gas in storage tank fires and explodes,the equipments,facilities and personnel within the radius of 34.87 m and area of 6.90×103 m2 will be destroyed and damaged.This case would cause great economic losses,and the maximum properties damage is 0.64A ten thousand yuan（A is the total properties）.Security measures have been taken to this unit for safety compensation,and the compensation coefficient is 0.57.After making safety compensation,the index of fire and explosion turns to be 78.31 and risk level becomes ＂relatively light＂.In this case,the actual maximum possible properties loss is 0.35A ten thousand yuan which has been decreased by 45%.

关 键 词：液化石油气 道化学 火灾爆炸 储罐 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学]