液化石油气储罐泄漏发生爆炸事故的后果分析  

The Effect Analysis of LPG Tanks Leakage Explosion Accident

作　　者：宋文华[1] 董影超[1] 谢飞[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]天津工业大学环境与化学工程学院,天津300387 [2]天津市消防总队,天津300100

出　　处：《南开大学学报（自然科学版）》2012年第1期106-111,共6页Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Nankaiensis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(50974096);天津市应用基础及前沿技术研究计划重点项目(10JCZDJC25000)

摘　　要：分析了液化石油气的危险特性及液化石油气储罐泄漏后可能造成的后果.在此基础上,以某液化石油气储配站为例,选择20 m3的液化石油气储罐,运用蒸气云爆炸模型对储罐泄漏事故形成的蒸气云爆炸后果进行定量分析,得出目标到爆炸源距离为61.82～104.91 m时墙有裂缝,绝大多数人员受到轻微伤害;51.52～61.82 m时屋瓦掉落,人员受到中等伤害;27.30～51.52 m时砖墙倒塌,绝大多数人员受重伤;小于27.30 m时小房屋倒塌,大型钢筋结构破坏,绝大多数人员死亡.经过分析,某液化石油气储配站实际设计不能完全满足爆炸事故发生时的安全要求,按照当前液化石油气储配站设计规范给出的相关建构筑物之间间距要求进行设计,其消防安全不能得到有效保证.The risk characteristics of liquefied petroleum gas（LPG） and possible consequences of leakage accident of LPG tanks are analyzed.Based on the analysis,20 m3 LPG storage tanks are selected and the vapor cloud explosions forming in storage tanks leakage accident are analyzed quantitatively using vapor cloud explosion model.The results show that when the distance of the target to the explosion source is 61.82-104.91 m,wall cracks,most personnel will suffer minor damage,51.52-61.82 m,roof fall,personnel subjected to moderate damage,27.30-51.52 m,brick wall collapsed,most workers suffer seriously wound,less than 27.30 m,small houses collapse,large steel structure is destroyed and most staff die.It shows that the design of the LPG station can＇t satisfy the requirements of fire protection after analysis.According to the present standard of petrol station,the LPG station is hardly to guarantee the fire protection of gas station effectively.

关 键 词：液化石油气 蒸气云爆炸 储罐 泄漏 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学]