玉树地震后幸存者的创伤后应激症状、生活满意度与积极情感/消极情感  

Relationship between post-traumatic symptoms,life satisfaction and positive affect,negative affect in survivors after the Yushu earthquake

作　　者：张金凤[1,2] 赵品良[1,2] 史占彪[2] 王力[2] 王文忠[2] 张镇[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院研究生院,北京100047 [2]中国科学院心理研究所,中国科学院心理健康重点实验室,北京100101

出　　处：《中国心理卫生杂志》2012年第4期247-251,共5页Chinese Mental Health Journal

基　　金：2010年国家自然科学基金项目(科学部主任基金)-玉树地震灾后心理-社会交互援助模式研究基金项目(31040001)

摘　　要：目的:了解玉树震后幸存者的创伤后应激症状和生活满意度状况及其与积极情感/消极情感的关系。方法:在地震后3.5个月,对玉树地震灾区505名幸存者采用自编一般情况调查表和创伤后应激障碍检查量表平民版(PCL-C)、霍氏症状核查表(HSCL-25)、积极情感/消极情感量表(PANAS)、生活满意度量表(SWLS)进行评估。结果:PCL-C得分显示创伤后应激症状的阳性率为32.7%;HSCL-25得分显示焦虑症状的阳性率为53.3%,抑郁症状的阳性率为47.1%。女性、藏族、低文化水平幸存者有较高的创伤后应激症状阳性率(均P<0.05)。回归分析显示,PANAS的NA得分与PCL-C得分、HSCL-25的焦虑和抑郁症状量表得分正相关(β=0.59、0.62、0.59,P<0.05),与SWLS得分负相关(β=-0.15,P<0.05);PANAS的PA得分与HSCL-25的焦虑量表得分负相关(β=-0.18,P<0.05),与抑郁量表、SWLS得分正相关(β=0.10、0.38,P<0.05)。年龄与PCL-C、SWLS得分正相关(β=0.10、0.12,P<0.05)。女性的PCL-C和焦虑量表得分较高(β=0.11、0.11,P<0.05),藏族人群SWLS得分较高(β=0.16,P<0.05)。结论:玉树灾后幸存者的消极情感可能是发生创伤后应激症状的危险因素,且对幸存者的生活满意度有消极影响。积极情感有助于减轻焦虑症状并提高生活满意度。Objective： To investigate the relations of positive affect and negative affect to postraumatic symptoms and the life satisfaction in survivors after the Yushu Earthquake. Methods： Totally 505 residents in Yushu earthquake disaster area were assessed with the Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Check List-Civilian Version （PCL-C）, Hopkins Symptom Checldist-25 （HSCL-25）, Positive Affect and Negative Affect Scale （PANAS）, and Satisfaction With Life Scale （SWLS）. Results： The PCL-C score showed the prevalence of post-traumatic symptoms in this sample was 32. 7%, the HSCL-25 score showed the prevalence of depression and anxiety symptoms was 53.3% and 47.1%, respectively. Women, Tibetan and survivors with low education level had higher preva-lence of the above symptoms （P 〈 0. 05）. Linear regression analysis showed that the NA score of PANAS had posi- tive correlation with PCL-C score, the depression and anxiety symptomsscore of HSCL-25 （β = 0. 59, 0. 62, 0. 59; Ps 〈0. 05）, and had negative correlation with SWLS score （β = -0.15, P 〈0.05）. The PA score of PANAS had negative correlation with the anxiety symptoms score of HSCL-25, had positive correlation with the depression symptoms＂ score of HSCL-25 and SWLS score （/3 = 0. 10, 0. 38; Ps 〈 0. 05）. The elders＂ PCL-C and SWLS score were higher than the young （β = 0. 10, 0. 12;Ps 〈 0. 05）. Women＇s PCL-C scores, depression and anxiety symptoms ＂scores of HSCL-25 were higher than men＂ s （β = 0. 11,0. 11 ; Ps 〈 0. 05）. The Tibetan＂ s SWLS score was higher than the non-Tibetan＂ s （β =0. 16, P 〈0.05）. Conclusion： It suggests that after the Yushu Earthquake, the negative affect in survivors may be the risk factor for post-traumatic symptoms, and have negative effect on life satisfaction, while the positive affect could relieve survivors＂ anxiety symptoms and improve their life satisfaction.

关 键 词：积极情感/消极情感 创伤后应激症状 焦虑 抑郁 生活满意度 

分 类 号：B845.67[哲学宗教—心理学] R749.5[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]