生物滤池脱氮除磷的强化及其对含盐废水的处理  

Enhancement of nitrogen and phosphorus removal in biofilter and its application to saline wastewater treatment

作　　者：赵海霞[1] 石恺[1] 付林[1] 高金强[1] 周维芝[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东大学环境科学与工程学院,山东济南250100

出　　处：《山东大学学报（工学版）》2012年第2期83-89,107,共8页Journal of Shandong University（Engineering Science）

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50878120;51178255);山东省科技计划资助项目(2010G0020606);山东大学校级交叉学科基金资助项目(2009JC017);济南市高校自主创新计划资助项目(201004041)

摘　　要：为实现含盐废水中营养类污染物的有效去除,构建并启动了曝气生物滤池系统,确定了系统最佳运行参数。实验废水为人工配制的模拟废水,其主要水质参数如下:CODCr300～400 mg/L,总氮30～45 mg/L,总磷3.5～5.5mg/L。为提高曝气生物滤池脱氮除磷能力,对滤池曝气模式进行改变,研究了间歇曝气生物滤池的处理性能并确定了最佳间歇曝气周期。结果显示,间歇曝气生物滤池CODCr、总氮及总磷的去除率分别可达92.1%、77.9%和70.3%,脱氮除磷效果明显优于常规曝气生物滤池。研究发现,在含盐废水(盐度0%～3%)的处理中,微生物系统对有机物的去除较对氮磷的去除受盐度的影响更小;与其他生物工艺相比,间歇曝气生物滤池表现出较高的耐盐能力和营养污染物去除效率,因而此工艺具有较好的应用前景。In order to efficiently remove nutrients from saline wastewater,biological aerated filter systems were designed,set up and operated with synthetic wastewater,in which the concentrations of CODCr,total nitrogen and total phosphorus were respectively in the ranges of 300~400 mg/L,30~45 mg/L and 3.5~5.5 mg/L.The effect of operational parameters on the removal of organics,nitrogen and phosphorus was investigated.To improve the removal of nitrogen and phosphorus,the aeration mode changed from continuous to intermittent.The enhancement of biofilter performance caused by intermittent aeration was examined and the optimal cycle time of intermittent aeration was determined.Under the optimal operating condition,the removal efficiency of CODCr,total nitrogen and phosphorus were 92.1%,77.9% and 70.3%,respectively.The intermittently aerated biological filter showed reasonable salt tolerance and efficiency in nutrients removal from saline wastewater(salinity 0%~3%).The removal of CODCr was less sensitive to salinity than nitrogen and phosphorus removal.In comparison to the other studied biological processes,the intermittently aerated biofilter could efficiently remove nutrients at identical salinity,and consequently had superiority and better application prospect.

关 键 词：生物滤池 间歇曝气 CODCr去除 脱氮 除磷 含盐废水 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]