东莞市某学校1起水痘暴发疫情调查分析  

Investigation on an outbreak on varicella in primary school of DongGuan

作　　者：陈丽芬 

机构地区：[1]石排医院,广东东莞523330

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2012年第4期413-415,共3页Journal of Medical Pest Control

摘　　要：目的为了解学校水痘暴发疫情的流行病学特征,对有效防控水痘提供科学依据。方法应用流行病学方法对学校发病儿童进行流行病学和临床特征进行调查、分析。结果本次水痘暴发疫情发病24例,涉及4个年级6个班,罹患率3.41%。患者均为学生。首发病例同楼层班级与其他楼层班级之间学童罹患率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。坐校车学童和不坐校车学童之间罹患率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。通过控制措施18d后,确认疫情终止。结论患儿密切接触可能是本次水痘发病的危险因素。学校要加强传染病管理工作,严格执行疫情报告制度、晨检制度和因病缺勤随访制度,加强传染宣传工作。同时将水痘纳入法定传染病管理,水痘疫苗纳入国家计划免疫。Objective To understand the epidemiologic features of chickenpox outbreak in a school,and provide scientific proofs for effective prevention and control of the disease.Method Using epidemiological methods to carry out epidemiology and clinical feature investigation and analyze.Results There were 24 cases which involving 6 classes of 4 grades,the attack rate was 3.41%,and all of the patients were students.The attack rate of first infected was different between the classes in the same floor and other floors＇ classes,and there was statistical significance（P〈0.05）.The attack rates of children who took school bus and not were different（P〈0.05）.Under the control measures,the disease last for 18 days.Conclusions Close contact with infected children may be the risk factors of chickenpox outbreak.Schools should strengthen the communicable disease control work,strictly implement the infectious disease report system,morning checking and absence follow-up system,enhance contagion propaganda.At the same time,put chicken pox into notifiable disease management and put chickenpox vaccine into country planned immunity.

关 键 词：水痘 学校 暴发 

分 类 号：R511.5[医药卫生—内科学]