崇明东滩斑背大尾莺的巢址特征  

Nest-Site Characteristics of Megalurus pryeri in Chongming Dongtan,Shanghai

作　　者：胡春芳[1] 李枫[1] 丛日杰[1] 张玉铭[1] 汤臣栋 庚志忠 冯雪松 

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学,哈尔滨150040 [2]崇明东滩鸟类国家级自然保护区

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2012年第5期107-111,共5页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(3107940)和(31071947)资助

摘　　要：2010年3月至2011年8月,在上海崇明东滩鸟类国家级自然保护区,采用随机样线法在各种生境类型中系统地寻找斑背大尾莺的巢,并在野外追踪观察的基础上用样方法对斑背大尾莺(Megalurus pryeri)的巢址选择开展初步研究。共测量了33个斑背大尾莺巢,并以巢为中心选取1 m×1 m样方测量反映巢址特征的8个生境参数,同时分析对照样方以进行比较,通过主成分分析探讨影响巢址选择的主导因子。结果表明:斑背大尾莺的巢位于丛生草本的下方,营巢生境有两种,在互花米草(Spartina alterniflora)生境中有19个(57.8%),在芦苇(Phrag-mites australis)和互花米草的混生生境中有14个(42.4%);巢址生境(n=132)与随机对照样方(n=132)比较,Mann-Whitney U检验的结果显示,斑背大尾莺偏好于枯草密度高、滩涂水浅的地方营巢,多数靠近小道;主成分分析表明,植被隐蔽因子和空间位置因子贡献率最大,是影响斑背大尾莺巢址选择的主要因素。A survey was conducted to study the nest-site selection by Japanese marsh warbler （Megalurus pryeri） in Chongming Dongtan Birds National Nature Reserve of Shanghai using plot method based on field observations from March to August, 2010-2011. The tracing observation on the nests of Japanese marsh warbler was systematically performed throughout all the habitats by random lines and consulting workers in the Reserve. A total of 33 nests were measured. Sampling plots （ 1 mx 1 m） centered on bird nests were selected in each active nest-site to determine eight habitat parameters which could de- scribe the feature of nest-site. Results show that the nest-site of Japanese marsh warbler is below bunch grass. There are two nesting habitats, one in Spartina alterniflora community, including 19 habitats （ accounting for 57.8% ） ; while the other in Phragmites australis- cordgrass mixed community, including 14 habitats （42.4%）. Mann-Whitney U-test shows that the preferred nesting sites for the warblers are tidal-flat areas of shallow water and withered grass areas with high densi- ty, which are usually close to byways. Principal component analysis indicates that the concealment by vegetation and spa- tial position contribute most to the variation in habitat types, which are the main factors affecting the nest-site selection by Japanese marsh warbler.

关 键 词：崇明东滩 斑背大尾莺 巢址选择 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]