2010年湖南省霍乱弧菌病原学特征及溯源分析  

Etiological Characteristics and Traceability of Vibrio cholerae in Hunan Province in 2010

作　　者：覃迪[1] 湛志飞[1] 夏昕[1] 胡世雄[1] 邓志红[1] 刘运芝[1] 黄一伟[1] 龙智钢[1] 张红[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南省疾病预防控制中心,湖南长沙410005

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2012年第4期513-517,共5页Practical Preventive Medicine

基　　金：湖南省科技厅资助项目(2011SK-3187;2011-257)

摘　　要：目的分析2010年湖南省霍乱弧菌分离株的病原学特征,比较霍乱疫情分离株与常规监测分离株之间的克隆相关性,追溯传染源。方法对疫情与监测分离到的42株霍乱弧菌进行常规生物分型和PCR检测毒力基因,对23株代表株进行药敏试验,对18株代表株通过脉冲场凝胶电泳（PFGE）获得电泳图谱,利用BioNumerics软件对图谱进行聚类分析,探讨菌株间的相关性。结果 2010年从湖南省霍乱疫情中分离10株霍乱弧菌均为O139群,ctxA阳性率100%。常规监测分离霍乱弧菌32株,其中O1群15株,全部为ctxA阴性株;O139群17株,ctxA阳性率94.11%。23株霍乱弧菌耐药结果显示强力霉素、复方新诺明的耐药率分别为47.83%、56.52%,发现1株对诺氟沙星、环丙沙星耐药。PFGE方法显示有5种脉冲场凝胶电泳图谱,相似率在82%~100%之间,甲鱼中分离的O139群霍乱弧菌与霍乱疫情分离菌株之间高度同源。结论湖南省霍乱弧菌存在紧密相关的流行克隆群;被O139群霍乱弧菌污染的甲鱼很可能是湖南省霍乱疫情发生的主要传染来源,海、水产品的监测是霍乱防控的重点;要密切关注对诺氟沙星、环丙沙星的耐药变化。Objective To analyze the pathogenic characteristics of Vibrio cholerae strains isolated in Hunan province in 2010,to compare cholera epidemic strains with routine monitoring strains in homology,and to trace the source of infection.Methods Forty-two strains isolated from epidemic and routine monitoring were tested for conventional biotyping and virulence gene by PCR.Twenty-three representative strains were tested for drug susceptibility.Electrophoresis maps were obtained from 18 representative strains by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis（PFGE） and analyzed for clusters and correlations by BioNumerics software.Results All of the 10 strains isolated from Vibrio cholerae outbreaks in Hunan province belonged to O139 group.The positive rate of ctxA was 100%.Among 32 strains isolated from routine monitoring,15 belonged to O1 group and were all ctxA-negative.17 belonged to O139 group and the positive rate of ctxA was 94.11%.The drug susceptibility tests of 23 strains showed that doxycycline,cotrimoxazole resistance rates were 47.83% and 56.52% respectively.One strain was resistant to norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin.Five kinds of electrophoresis maps were detected by PFGE,with a homology of 82%-100%.The strains isolated from turtles were highly homologous with those isolated from outbreaks.Conclusions There are closely related epidemic cloning groups of Vibrio cholerae in Hunan province.The turtles contaminated by Vibrio cholerae O139 are likely to be a major infection source of cholera outbreaks.Monitoring of sea,aquatic products is a key point for cholerae prevention and control.Close concern should be paid to drug resistance of Vibrio cholerae against norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin.

关 键 词：霍乱弧菌 毒力基因 脉冲场凝胶电泳 溯源 

分 类 号：R378.3[医药卫生—病原生物学]