不同种植年限大棚菜田土壤水溶性盐分的变化特征  

Variation Characteristics of Soil Water-soluble Salts of Large Plastic House Vegetable Field for Different Cultivating Years

作　　者：陈碧华[1,2] 杨和连[2] 李亚灵[1] 李新峥[2] 周俊国[2] 

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学园艺学院,山西太谷030801 [2]河南科技学院园艺园林学院,河南新乡453003

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2012年第1期241-245,共5页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：河南省重大科技攻关项目(092101310300);河南省重点科技攻关项目(112102310378)

摘　　要：采集新乡市不同种植年限大棚菜田、露天菜田及大田土壤共计160个样品,调查分析水溶性盐总量、各盐分离子的变化及土壤pH值。结果表明,大棚土壤在连续种植不同年限后,水溶性盐总量上升幅度与种植年限呈极显著相关(r=0.92**);K+、Na+、Cl-、NO2-、NO3-、SO24-含量与种植年限呈正相关,而Ca2+、Mg2+、HCO3-含量变化与种植年限呈负相关;土壤pH值降低幅度与种植年限呈极显著相关;K+、Na+、Cl-、NO3-、SO42-的含量均与土壤水溶性盐总量呈极显著相关。新乡市大棚菜田土壤中Cl-、NO2-、NO3-含量与pH值变化存在极显著负相关;SO42-含量与pH值变化存在显著负相关;HCO3-与土壤pH值变化存在极显著正相关。新乡市大棚菜田阳离子以K+、Na+为主,阴离子主要以Cl-、NO2-、NO3-、SO42-为主;不同种植年限对大棚土壤盐渍化和酸化有极显著影响,K+、Na+、Cl-、NO2-、NO3-、SO42-则是造成土壤盐渍化的重要原因,Cl-、NO2-、NO3-、SO42-是造成土壤酸化的重要原因。The 160 samples of soil were collected from large plastic house vegetable field for different cultivating years,open vegetable field and wheat field in Xinxiang,the variation of total amount water-soluble salt,the salt ion content and the soil pH value were analyzed,and the corresponding survey was made.Results showed that with cultivated years growing,the total content of water-soluble salt would increase,and the increasing range of the total soluble salts content was significantly correlated with cultivating years（r=0.92＊＊）.The contents of K＋,Na＋,Cl-,NO-2,NO-3 and SO2-4 were positively correlated with cultivating years respectively,and the contents of Ca2＋,Mg2＋,HCO-3 were negatively correlated with cultivating years respectively,pH value of the soil would decrease,and the decreasing range was significantly correlated with cultivating years.And the correlation between the contents of K＋,Na＋,Cl-,NO-3,SO2-4 and the total content of soil water-soluble salt reached the most significant level respectively.And the content of Cl-was the most relevant,and the content of K＋ and NO-3 was more relevant.The correlations between the Cl-,NO-2 and NO-3 content of large plastic house vegetable soil and pH value were negatively correlated.The correlations between the SO2-4 content and pH value was negatively correlated and the opposite was true of the relation between HCO-3 content and pH values.The cation of vegetables soil was dominated by K＋,Na＋ and the anion of vegetables soil was dominated by Cl-,NO-2,NO-3 and SO2-4 in the large plastic house vegetable field.Different cultivating years of large plastic house had the most significant effects on the soil salinization and acidification.The K＋,Na＋,Cl-,NO-2,NO-3 and SO2-4 were the important cause of soil salinization,and the NO-2,NO-3 and SO2-4 were the important cause of soil acidification.

关 键 词：大棚菜田土壤 种植年限 水溶性盐 PH值 

分 类 号：S153.61[农业科学—土壤学]