红壤坡地降雨产流的数学模拟及其过程分析  

Numerical simulation of runoff generation on red soil slope under the condition of natural rainfall and its process analysis

作　　者：左长清[1,2] 张国华[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100048 [2]水利部水土保持生态工程技术研究中心,北京100048 [3]中国灌溉排水发展中心,北京100054

出　　处：《水利学报》2012年第4期392-397,共6页Journal of Hydraulic Engineering

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划重点项目(2009BADC6B06);水利部公益性行业科研专项经费项目(200901047)

摘　　要：基于运动波理论建立了自然降雨下红壤坡地产流模型,应用Preissmann隐式格式对模型进行数值求解,并通过实测资料对模型进行验证,结果表明计算值与实测值的相对误差最大不超过±17%,说明该模型是合理的,可以描述不同雨型下不同水土保持措施的红壤坡地产流规律。将试验实测的降雨过程输入到本文建立的模型中计算,得到不同雨型下的产流过程。分析表明:百喜草覆盖与敷盖措施的起始产流时间明显滞后于裸露地,而洪峰流量也明显小于裸露地,说明百喜草覆盖与敷盖措施都有明显的削峰滞流作用。Based on the kinematic wave theory, a basic equation has been deduced to describe the runoff generation on a slope under the condition of natural rainfall with different rainfall intensities. The equation can be numerically solved by applying the Preissmann format. The feasibility of the model is verified by field experimental data. The maximum deviation between calculated results and experimental data is within ＋17%. Putting field testing rainfall information into the model set up in this paper, the processes of rain- fall under different rainfall intensity condition were simulated, which indicated that the start of runoff yield time in the ground covered and apply covered by Bahia grass is obvious later than that in the bare ground, and the peak flow was less than that in the bare ground in evidence, making out that the measures by covering and apply covering with Bahia grass have： significantly effect on reducing and suspending peak flow effect.

关 键 词：红壤坡地 自然降雨 径流模型 数值模拟 覆盖与敷盖 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]