坡度作用下土壤水分时空异质性研究  

Study on Temporal and Spatial Heterogeneity of Soil Moisture under Slope Effect

作　　者：郝振纯[1] 吕美霞[1] 吕美朝[2] 王加虎[1] 

机构地区：[1]河海大学水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室,江苏南京210098 [2]中国灌溉排水发展中心,北京100054

出　　处：《水文》2012年第2期5-10,48,共7页Journal of China Hydrology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(40830639;50879016;41101015);全球变化研究国家重大科学研究计划(973)项目(2010CB951101);水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室专项经费资助(1069-50985512);中国科学院科技先导专项(XDA05110000)

摘　　要：国内外对于坡度作用下土壤水分空间异质性尚无定论,且国内时间异质性研究尚很缺乏,以野外水文山实验流域为研究对象,选取偏干和偏湿年份分析了土壤水分的时空异质性。空间异质性的研究表明,土壤水分的主要趋势是60cm大于30cm,但在有的时间段30cm含水量也会超过60cm;总体而言从坡顶到坡脚土壤含水量依次增加,但是在某种特殊情况下也会发生变化。即土壤水分在空间上的分布结构在时间上具有一定的稳定性,并且降水量越多坡度的作用表现得越明显。时间异质性的分析表明,土壤水分的时间变异表现出明显的季节性差异,并且坡面不同位置的变异性不同,偏干年份的年内变化类似于正弦曲线。The fixed conclusion of spatial distribution of soil moisture under the impact of slope has not been drawn both at home and abroad. And there also lacks of temporal heterogeneity studies at home. The temporal and spatial heterogeneity of soil moisture was analyzed in this study. In order to conduct the research, Shuiwenshan basin for simulation was selected as the domain and a dry year and a wet year were selected as the analysis time. Results of spatial heterogeneity show that the main trend of soil layer in 60cm was wetter than 30cm. But sometimes the opposite situation also appeared. Generally speaking, soil moisture increase from uplands to lowlands. Also, special situation exists. All in all, there is certain degree of stability in time of soil moisture spatial structure. And the more precipitation is, the more obvious the effect of slope would be. Moreover, analysis of temporal heterogeneity suggested that soil moisture show significant seasonal variation and varied differently in different positions along the hillslope. What＇s more, soil moisture vary like a sine curve in the dry year.

关 键 词：模拟流域 土壤水分 时空异质性 坡长方向 垂直方向 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学]