1830～1856年中国“银荒”危机成因考辩  

Discussion on China′s "Silver Shortage" Crisis from 1830 to 1856

作　　者：段艳[1] 陆吉康[1] 

机构地区：[1]玉林师范学院法商学院,广西玉林537000

出　　处：《云南财经大学学报》2012年第2期3-11,共9页Journal of Yunnan University of Finance and Economics

基　　金：广西壮族自治区教育厅2012年度课题"银荒危机与咸丰朝钱钞制整改(1830~1856)"

摘　　要：在19世纪上半叶全球金、银减产与世界经济萧条的国际大背景下,1830～1856年的中国"银荒"危机根源于本国落后的货币及信用制度,但其直接原因和主要原因则是鸦片输入引起的白银外流。白银外流不仅造成中国白银通货严重紧缩,也导致铜钱供给增加率下降,从而使中国货币供给不足的危机严重恶化。在经济全球化趋势日益明显的国际大环境下,当危机来袭,任何国家都不可能偏安一隅,无所作为,否则就会陷入全面危机当中。晚清政府失败的历史启示我们,不能浪费利用危机调整经济结构的大好时机,而应该在危机中抓住改革的大好机遇,大力推行改革,实现制度创新,获得新的更大的发展。Under the international background of global yield reduction of gold and silver,and the economic recession of the world in the first half of the 19th century,the ＂silver shortage＂ crisis of China from 1830 to 1856 was caused by the backward money and credit system,but the direct and main cause lies in opium input which leads to silver outflow.The silver outflow led to not only serious silver deflation,but also the growth rate decline of copper coins in China,which seriously deteriorated China′s money supply shortage.With the increasing economic globalization,no country can stand alone when crisis comes,or it will run into complete crisis.The failure of the government in late Qing dynasty tells us that the best time of taking the opportunity of crisis to adjust economic structure cannot be wasted;instead,we should take crisis as an opportunity to make reform,realize system innovation and make greater development.

关 键 词：银贵钱贱 “银荒”危机 货币制度 鸦片输入 白银外流 清朝 

分 类 号：F129.49[经济管理—世界经济]