新生儿病区医院感染特点分析及预防对策  

Pathogenic bacteria analysis and countermeasures for nosocomial infection in neonatal wards

作　　者：刘仁红[1] 陈虹余[1] 王英宏[1] 邱其周[1] 肖毅[1] 杨永玲[1] 张荣贵[1] 

机构地区：[1]广州医学院附属深圳沙井医院儿科,深圳518104

出　　处：《国际医药卫生导报》2012年第8期1133-1135,共3页International Medicine and Health Guidance News

摘　　要：目的通过资料分析新生儿病区医院感染特点、病原菌及危险因素，为新生儿病区医院感染预防控制提供依据，以期降低新生儿病区院内感染的发生。方法2009年07月-2011年07月在我院新生儿病区住院新生儿603例，对新生儿医院感染情况进行统计分析。结果603例新生儿中发生58次医院感染，发生率为9．62％，感染部位居前三位的是呼吸道、皮肤粘膜及脐部、胃肠道，分别为53．45％、31．03％、15．52％。感染致病菌以肺炎克雷伯菌为主，占36％。结论胎龄小、体重低、住院时间长、侵入性操作等是新生儿医院感染的危险因素，通过采取加强教育、加强呼吸道管理、基础护理、合理使用抗生素、强调洗手、加强全面消毒等措施，可降低医院感染发生率。Objective To analyze the nosocomial infection characteristics, pathogenic bacteria and relative risk factors, in order to provide the basis for preventing and controlling nosocomial infection, and to reduce the incidence of nosocomial infection in neonatal wards. Methods The study enrolled 603 neonatal patients hospitalized between July 2009 to July 2011. Results There were 58 nosocomial infection cases found in 603 neonatal patients, and the infection rate was 9.62 %. The most common infections were respiratory tract infection, oral infections and gastrointestinal tract infection, with proportion rate of 53.45%, 31.03% and 15.52% respectively. The main pathogenic bacteria was Klebsiella pneumoniae, accounting for 36%. Conclusions The lower gestational age and birth weight, bigger length of hospital stay and invasive operation are risk factors of nosocomial infection. We can reduce nosocomial infections through strengthening education, enhancing respiratory tract management, primary care, reasonable use of antibiotics, emphasizing washing hands, and strengthening comprehensive disinfection measures.

关 键 词：新生儿病区 医院感染 发病率 危险因素 病原菌分析 前期干预 

分 类 号：R722.1[医药卫生—儿科]