贵州喀斯特山区植被演替对土壤有效性氮磷含量及酶活性的影响  

Impact of vegetation community succession on available N,P and enzyme activity of the soil in karst hill of Guizhou Province

作　　者：刘方[1] 刘元生[2] 卜通达[2] 陈祖拥[1] 

机构地区：[1]贵州大学环境与资源研究所,贵州贵阳550025 [2]贵州大学农学院,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《中国岩溶》2012年第1期31-35,共5页Carsologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40961030);教育部美大地区科研合作项目(2009)资助

摘　　要：对贵州南部茂兰喀斯特山区不同植被类型的土壤进行调查与采样分析,探讨植被演替过程中土壤生物有效性氮磷含量及酶活性的变化。结果表明:喀斯特植被从阔叶林向灌木林及灌草丛的演变过程中,土壤全氮、活性有机磷含量出现下降;而速效氮、硝态氮、速效磷及水溶性磷的含量出现显著的降低,灌草丛土壤中速效氮、硝态氮、速效磷及水溶性磷的平均含量分别比原生阔叶林土壤减少28.09%、65.44%、69.42%和81.71%;同时,土壤脲酶、蛋白质酶、磷酸酶活性分别比原生阔叶林土壤减少74.72%、63.08%和50.32%。在喀斯特山区土壤生物有效性氮磷含量的变化明显地受到植被群落演变的影响,森林退化主要导致土壤硝态氮及水溶性磷数量的明显减少。Available N,P and enzyme activity of soils in different vegetation are estimated with vegetation community succession in Maolan of Guizhou Province by investigating and analyzing on the soils.The results show that the contents of total N and available organic P slightly reduce but the contents of available N,NO-3-N,available P and water-soluble P had significantly decrease in surface soil（0~15 cm） following the process from broad-leaved forest to shrub forest and shrub grass.The average decreasing amount in the contents of available N,nitric nitrogen and available P as well as the water-soluble P in the soils under shrub grass is 28.09 %,65.44 %,69.42 % and 81.71 %,respectively;meanwhile,the average contents of urease,proteinase and alkalin phosphatase in the shrub grass soil reduces by 74.72 %,63.08 % and 50.32 % respectively in comparison with that under primeval broad-leaved forest.Thus,the variations of soil available N and P in karst hill significantly affected by vegetation community succession,and forest degradation mainly leads to obvious decrease in the amount of nitric nitrogen and water-soluble P in the soils.

关 键 词：喀斯特山区 植被演替 土壤有效性氮磷 土壤酶活性 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]