漆包线工人职业紧张现状及影响因素研究  

Investigation of occupational stress syndrome and associated factors of workers in an enameled wire enterprise

作　　者：胡志平[1] 吴成峰[1] 韦宁凯[1] 王勇[1] 丁世旵[1] 张乾驰[1] 

机构地区：[1]铜陵市疾病预防控制中心,安徽铜陵244000

出　　处：《安徽预防医学杂志》2012年第2期87-91,共5页Anhui Journal of Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解漆包线工人职业紧张现状,探讨其影响因素。方法采用整群抽样方法对某大型中外合资漆包线生产企业237名工人,应用职业紧张量表修订版(OSI-R)进行研究。结果调查对象职业紧张各领域及子项得分与技术工人、西南地区职业人群常模比较,工作环境、个体紧张反应总分、业务紧张反应、心理紧张反应得分比2个常模都高;应对资源总分、自我保健、社会支持、理性处事得分比2个常模都低。以技术工人常模为参照,工作环境、业务紧张反应、心理紧张反应高度/中度紧张者分别占26.4%、22.6%、17.7%;娱乐休闲、自我保健、理性处事高度/中度缺乏者分别占44.6%、20.1%和34%。多元回归分析表明,个体紧张反应的主要影响因素有工作环境、责任感、任务模糊、任务过重、是否有疾病、所在车间。结论漆包线工人存在着职业紧张危害,建议该企业要做好工作环境改造、心理疏导、自我保健、社会支持、理性处事、工作任务合理分配、娱乐休闲、健康生活方式。Objective To study the current status of occupational stress of workers in an enameled wire enterprise and determine its influencing factors.Methods The Occupational Stress Inventory Revised Edition（OSI-R） was employed to assess occupational stress among 319 workers in the enameled wire enterprise using cluster sampling.Results Compared with the occupational stress norm of production laborer group and Southwest China group,the score of physical environment,personal strain questionnaire,vocational strain and psychological strain were higher,and the score of personal resource questionnaire,self-care,social support and rational cognitive were lower.Based on the production laborer group norm,individuals with high or middle stress levels of physical environment,vocational strain and psychological strain accounted for 26.4%,22.6% and 17.7% respectively.And individuals with severe or moderate levels of recreation deficits,self-care deficits and rational cognitive deficits accounted for 44.6%,20.1% and 34.0%,respectively.Results Results from multiple logistic regression analysis showed that physical environment,responsibility,role ambiguity,role overload,health status and workshop were the main factors of personal strain.Conclusion Workers in the enameled wire enterprise were exposed to occupational stress,and so physical environment,psychological counseling,self-care,social support,rational work,allocation of tasks,entertainment and healthy lifestyle should be strengthened and improved.

关 键 词：职业紧张量表(OSI-R) 职业紧张 现况调查 漆包线 

分 类 号：R395.1[哲学宗教—心理学]