工作场所极低频电磁辐射对作业人员健康状况影响的调查分析  

Survey on influence of extremely low frequency electromagnetic radiation on health condition of workers

作　　者：赵龙宇[1] 陶育纯[1] 李波[1] 梁冰[2] 贺梦子[2] 孔德娟[2] 易贺庆[2] 信瑞[2] 徐慧英[2] 李菁菁[2] 刘兵[2] 梁楠[2] 马淑梅[2] 刘晓冬[2] 刘欣[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学教研室,吉林长春130021 [2]吉林大学公共卫生学院卫生部放射生物学重点实验室,吉林长春130021

出　　处：《吉林大学学报（医学版）》2012年第2期372-376,共5页Journal of Jilin University：Medicine Edition

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)资助课题(2011CB503706)

摘　　要：目的:通过调查工作场所中极低频电磁场的暴露水平,分析工作场所中极低频电磁辐射对职业人群健康状况的影响。方法:使用EFA-300工频电磁场场强测试仪测量某工厂的2个不同车间(对照组与暴露组)的电场强度和磁感应强度,同时使用AWA5610D型积分声级计测量噪声。通过多中心单纯随机抽样的方法对183名对照组和521名暴露组作业人员进行问卷调查,调查2组人员的个人职业信息、家居信息及健康状况,采用SPSS17.0软件对资料进行统计学分析。结果:监测结果显示,暴露组车间电场强度和磁感应强度明显高于对照组(P<0.05);两车间噪声比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。问卷调查结果显示,与对照组比较,暴露组作业人员脱发症状发生率高于对照组(P<0.05);听力减退症状发生率低于对照组(P<0.05),其他指标差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:极低频电磁辐射暴露可能会对作业人员神经系统有一定影响。Objective To study the exposure levels of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields in two workplaces,and to observe the health effects of occupational groups exposed to extremely low frequency electromagnetic radiation in two workplaces.Methods The intensities of electromagnetic fields in two workplaces（control group and exposure group） were detected with EFA-300 frequency electromagnetic field strength tester,and the intensity of the noise was detected with AWA5610D integral sound level.Professional information,household information and personal health condition of 183 controls and 521 subjects in exposure group were investigated by multi-center simple random sampling method.The data was analyzed by SPSS 17.0 statistic software.Results The intensities of electric fields and the magnetic fields in exposure group were significantly higher than those in control group（P〈0.05）,but the intensities of the noise in two workplaces showed no difference（P〈0.05）.The questionnaires survey data showed that compared with control group,the incidence of symptoms of loss of hair in exposure group was significantly higher（P〈0.05） and the incidence of decreased hearing was lower （P〈0.05）.Conclusion Exposure to extremely low frequency electromagnetic radiation may have some effects on the nervous system of workers.

关 键 词：电磁辐射 极低频电磁场 神经系统 流行病学调查 

分 类 号：R303.121[医药卫生—基础医学]